de St Aubin E
Department of Human Development, University of Wisconsin, Green Bay 54311-7001, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1996 Jul;71(1):152-65. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.71.1.152.
Personal ideology is an individual's philosophy of how life should be and of what forces influence human living. In this study S.S. Tomkins's (1963b, 1965, 1978, 1987) polarity theory of ideology was used to examine the manifestation of personal ideology in 4 value-laden domains of personality. Tomkins's theoretical postulates concerning the emotional foundation of personal ideology also were tested. Analyses revealed that the 2 defining dimensions of polarity theory--humanism and normativism--are related in the predicted meaningful ways to value systems, assumptions concerning human nature, religiosity, and political orientation. Evidence also was found for Tomkins's contention that specific affect clusters serve as the foundation of personal ideology. Participants who scored high in humanism ideology related autobiographical memories containing the emotion cluster of joy, distress, fear, and shame, whereas the memories of participants with normative ideologies contained relatively more anger.
个人意识形态是一个人关于生活应如何以及哪些力量影响人类生活的哲学。在本研究中，运用了S.S. 汤姆金斯（1963b、1965、1978、1987）的意识形态极性理论，来考察个人意识形态在人格的4个充满价值观念的领域中的表现。汤姆金斯关于个人意识形态情感基础的理论假设也得到了检验。分析表明，极性理论的两个界定维度——人文主义和规范主义——以预测的有意义方式与价值体系、关于人性的假设、宗教信仰和政治取向相关。还发现了证据支持汤姆金斯的观点，即特定的情感集群是个人意识形态的基础。在人文主义意识形态方面得分高的参与者所讲述的自传性记忆中包含喜悦、痛苦、恐惧和羞耻的情感集群，而具有规范意识形态的参与者的记忆中相对更多地包含愤怒。
