Parker G
Br J Psychiatry. 1977 Jun;130:548-55. doi: 10.1192/bjp.130.6.548.
A validated objective measure of the state of psychological function was used to determine the incidence and course of psychological dysfunction in a group of evacuees from Darwin following disaster caused by a cyclone (Cyclone Tracy). While psychological dysfunction was increased initially (58 per cent) and at ten weeks (41 per cent), it had returned to an Australian general population control level (22 per cent) at 14 months. Factors influencing psychological dysfunction were examined, and it is suggested that the sample faced two different stressors at differing times. Initial psychiatric morbidity was most clearly associated with the experience of thinking that one might die or be seriously injured and therefore conceptualized as a 'mortality stressor'. Psychiatric morbidity at ten weeks appeared to be most closely associated with what has been conceptualized as a 'relocation stressor'. Reasons why psychiatric morbidity decreased to a general population control level are discussed.
采用一种经过验证的心理功能状态客观测量方法，来确定一群达尔文飓风（特蕾西飓风）灾难撤离者心理功能障碍的发生率和病程。虽然心理功能障碍最初（58%）和十周时（41%）有所增加，但在14个月时已恢复到澳大利亚普通人群对照水平（22%）。对影响心理功能障碍的因素进行了研究，结果表明该样本在不同时间面临两种不同的应激源。最初的精神疾病发病率最明显与认为自己可能死亡或受重伤的经历相关，因此被概念化为“死亡应激源”。十周时的精神疾病发病率似乎与被概念化为“重新安置应激源”的因素最为密切相关。文中还讨论了精神疾病发病率降至普通人群对照水平的原因。
