Cockburn J, Redman S, Hill D, Henry E
Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria, Carlton South, Australia.
J Med Screen. 1995;2(4):224-7. doi: 10.1177/096914139500200410.
To estimate the extent of public understanding of mass screening for disease and of the benefits and limitations of screening.
Telephone interviews were conducted with a national sample of 835 Australians.
Of total respondents, 68% claimed to have heard of screening tests, but only 21% correctly understood that screening tests are for asymptomatic people. This understanding was related to education. The most frequently named tests were mammography (51%) and Pap tests (33%), and for all age groups these were mentioned by more women than men. Around 27% of respondents thought that the Pap test would detect 95% or more of case, 45% thought the test would detect 90% or more, while 60% of respondents thought the test would detect 80% or more of cases. Around 29% of respondents thought that mammography would detect 95% or more of cases, 49% thought the test would detect 90% or more, while 65% of respondents thought the test would detect 80% or more of cases. Of all respondents, 33% favoured compensation when cases were "missed" by screening provided people were warned beforehand, 58% were not in favour, and 9% were unsure.
There are misconceptions among the public concerning the purpose of screening and the accuracy of screening tests. However, most people accept that some cases of disease will be missed by screening and that if people are adequately informed beforehand compensation should not automatically follow for those whose disease is missed.
评估公众对疾病群体筛查以及筛查的益处和局限性的理解程度。
对835名澳大利亚人组成的全国性样本进行电话访谈。
在所有受访者中，68%称听说过筛查检测，但只有21%正确理解筛查检测是针对无症状人群的。这种理解与教育程度有关。最常被提及的检测是乳房X光检查（51%）和巴氏试验（33%），在所有年龄组中，提及这些检测的女性都多于男性。约27%的受访者认为巴氏试验能检测出95%或更多的病例，45%认为该检测能检测出90%或更多的病例，而60%的受访者认为该检测能检测出80%或更多的病例。约29%的受访者认为乳房X光检查能检测出95%或更多的病例，49%认为该检测能检测出90%或更多的病例，而65%的受访者认为该检测能检测出80%或更多的病例。在所有受访者中，33%赞成在筛查“漏诊”病例时给予补偿，前提是事先对人们进行了警告，58%不赞成，9%不确定。
公众对筛查目的和筛查检测准确性存在误解。然而，大多数人接受筛查会漏诊一些疾病病例，并且如果事先得到充分告知，对于那些疾病被漏诊的人不应自动给予补偿。
