Nimrod A C, Benson W H
Department of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology Research Program/RIPS School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University 38677, USA.
Crit Rev Toxicol. 1996 May;26(3):335-64. doi: 10.3109/10408449609012527.
Alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEs) and related compounds recently have been reported to be estrogenic because it has been demonstrated in laboratory studies that they mimic the effects of estradiol both in vitro and in vivo. Chemicals referred to as "environmental estrogens" are suspected of causing health effects in both humans and wildlife through disruption of the endocrine system. In this review, the occurrence, environmental fate, and biological effects of APEs are presented. To provide understanding of the potential for endocrine disruption due to environmental estrogens, the physiology of estrogens in mammals and fish is also reviewed. The estrogenic potency of other environmental estrogens is compared to the potency of APE degradation products. The reproductive effects of estrogenic compounds are considered when evaluating the potential health effects of APEs. Given the reported environmental concentrations and bioconcentration factors of APE products, the potential for these compounds to produce estrogenic effects in the environment appears low. Although questions concerning the physiological effects of APEs and other environmental estrogens remain unanswered, there are indications that research is in progress that will lead to better understanding of the risks to humans and wildlife.
最近有报道称，烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚（APEs）及相关化合物具有雌激素活性，因为实验室研究已证明它们在体外和体内均可模拟雌二醇的作用。被称为“环境雌激素”的化学物质被怀疑会通过干扰内分泌系统对人类和野生动物的健康产生影响。在这篇综述中，介绍了APEs的存在、环境归宿和生物学效应。为了帮助理解环境雌激素导致内分泌干扰的可能性，还综述了哺乳动物和鱼类中雌激素的生理学。将其他环境雌激素的雌激素活性与APEs降解产物的活性进行了比较。在评估APEs的潜在健康影响时，考虑了雌激素化合物的生殖效应。鉴于已报道的APEs产品的环境浓度和生物富集因子，这些化合物在环境中产生雌激素效应的可能性似乎较低。尽管关于APEs和其他环境雌激素的生理效应的问题仍未得到解答，但有迹象表明相关研究正在进行，这将有助于更好地了解对人类和野生动物的风险。
