Bird M, Kinsella G
Department of Psychology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
Psychol Aging. 1996 Mar;11(1):45-56. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.11.1.45.
Participants with senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type, vascular dementia, or both, associated a task with a cue. On reinstatement of the cue 1 day later, a substantial portion of the sample recalled the task. The teaching method, both with and without participant performance of the task (PPT), was spaced retrieval with supplementary or fading cues provided as required. Findings were that (a) PPT encoding and retrieval encoding, separately, assisted later recall: (b) retrieval combined with PPT encoding increased the probability of task performance at final recall; (c) repetition in the absence of retrieval or PPT was less effective; and (d) there was no forgetting between 1 hr and 1 day. Theoretical and clinical aspects of these findings are discussed.
患有阿尔茨海默病型老年痴呆症、血管性痴呆症或两者皆有的参与者，会将一项任务与一个提示相关联。在一天后重新呈现该提示时，很大一部分样本回忆起了这项任务。教学方法采用间隔检索，并根据需要提供补充或渐隐提示，无论参与者是否执行任务（PPT）。研究结果表明：（a）PPT编码和检索编码分别有助于后期回忆；（b）检索与PPT编码相结合增加了最终回忆时任务执行的概率；（c）在没有检索或PPT的情况下重复效果较差；（d）在1小时到1天之间没有遗忘。讨论了这些发现的理论和临床方面。
