Bird M, Luszcz M
Psychology Discipline, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1991 Jul;13(4):508-20. doi: 10.1080/01688639108401067.
Unlike normal aging, Alzheimer's disease (SDAT) subjects typically show no benefit in free recall from semantic depth of processing cues at acquisition, but their recall is enhanced by semantic cues at both acquisition and retrieval. However, this apparent encoding-specificity effect might result from cued recall alone. SDAT and control subjects studied pictures in a design comparing depth of processing, cued recall, and encoding specificity. Cued recall alone was ineffective for SDAT subjects but, consistent with other studies, the encoding specificity condition did enhance recall. Both control and SDAT subjects also showed a levels of processing effect in free recall, modified by recency of presentation. Conclusions were: (a) though impaired in the capacity spontaneously to do so, SDAT subjects can be assisted to exploit semantic aspects of material in memory; (b) for optimal remembering in SDAT, substantial cued support should be provided at both ends of the processing continuum.
与正常衰老不同，阿尔茨海默病（SDAT）患者在学习时从语义加工深度线索进行自由回忆通常没有益处，但在学习和提取时语义线索都能增强他们的回忆。然而，这种明显的编码特异性效应可能仅由线索回忆导致。SDAT患者和对照组在一项比较加工深度、线索回忆和编码特异性的设计中对图片进行学习。仅线索回忆对SDAT患者无效，但与其他研究一致，编码特异性条件确实增强了回忆。对照组和SDAT患者在自由回忆中也都表现出加工水平效应，并受到呈现新近性的影响。结论为：（a）尽管SDAT患者自发进行这种操作的能力受损，但可以帮助他们利用记忆中材料的语义方面；（b）为了在SDAT中实现最佳记忆，应在加工连续体的两端提供大量的线索支持。
