Parazzini F, Bortolus R, Chatenoud L, Restelli S, Ricci E, Marozio L, Benedetto C
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.
Epidemiology. 1996 May;7(3):306-8. doi: 10.1097/00001648-199605000-00016.
To analyze determinants of the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) with or without proteinuria, we compared characteristics of women enrolled in the Italian Study of Aspirin in Pregnancy who developed PIH and those who did not. A total of 756 women were included in the present analysis; of these, 132 women (17%) developed PIH during the trial. The risk of developing PIH tended to increase with maternal age: in comparison with women age 20-25 years, the odds ratio (OR) estimates of risk ratio were 3.5 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.6-7.1] in women age 26-30 years and 4.2 (95% CI = 1.9-8.8) in those age > 30 years. There was little relation between development of PIH and education. PIH risk increased according to nonpregnant body mass index; in comparison with women with Quetelet's index (kg per m2) < 25, the OR estimates were 1.7 (95% CI = 1.1-2.7) and 2.1 (95% CI = 1.3-3.6), respectively, for women with a value for Quetelet's index of > 25-30 and > 30. Parous women were at decreased risk of PIH: in comparison with nulliparas, the ORs were 0.7 (95% CI = 0.4-1.0) and 0.5 (95% CI = 0.3-0.9), respectively, in women reporting 1 or > or = 2 births. There was no important relation between previous spontaneous or induced abortion and PIH risk.
为分析有无蛋白尿的妊娠高血压（PIH）风险的决定因素，我们比较了参与意大利孕期阿司匹林研究中发生PIH的女性与未发生PIH的女性的特征。本分析共纳入756名女性；其中，132名女性（17%）在试验期间发生了PIH。发生PIH的风险倾向于随母亲年龄增加而升高：与20 - 25岁的女性相比，26 - 30岁女性的风险比的比值比（OR）估计值为3.5 [95%置信区间（CI）= 1.6 - 7.1]，30岁以上女性为4.2（95% CI = 1.9 - 8.8）。PIH的发生与教育程度关系不大。PIH风险根据非孕体重指数升高；与体重指数（每平方米千克数）< 25的女性相比，体重指数> 25 - 30和> 30的女性的OR估计值分别为1.7（95% CI = 1.1 - 2.7）和2.1（95% CI = 1.3 - 3.6）。经产妇发生PIH的风险降低：与未生育女性相比，报告生育1次或≥2次的女性的OR分别为0.7（95% CI = 0.4 - 1.0）和0.5（95% CI = 0.3 - 0.9）。既往自然流产或人工流产与PIH风险之间无重要关系。
