Robinovich J T, Rubio E L, Sáez J C, Ramírez M I
Servicio y Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología Hospital San Borja-Arriarán, Universidad de Chile.
Rev Chil Obstet Ginecol. 1995;60(3):151-67.
Between 1988-1922, data of the nutritional status of pregnant women seen in the Santiago Metropolitan Health Service were analyzed. Underweight (22.2%), normal weight (47.2%), overweight (19.7%) and Obese (15.4%). Four thousand five hundred fifty five pregnant women were studied. Underweight 1136, normal weight 1219, overweight 1100 and obese 1100. Underweight was significantly more frequent in the patients less than 20 years old while overweight and obese was significantly more frequent in the patients over 30 years old. Hypertension (2.6%) was the only significant morbidity factor in the obese group. The overweight and obese groups had earlier menarche, while the obese group had shorter periods. The obese group were associated most frequently with higher parity (75.1%), stillbirth (4.6%), spontaneous abortion (19.5%), induced abortion (3.1%) and high obstetric risk (33.2%). In the normogram used, the underweight patients are abnormally represented at the start of pregnancy. The obese group gained less weight proportionally during pregnancy (overweight and obese 42.8%, underweight and normal 34.7%). The obese group presented more frequently with hypertension (20.4%) and diabetes (0.7%), while the obstetric complications occurred more frequently in the underweight (6.3%). The underwent group had more anemia (45.4%) and premature labor (12.3%). Cesarean section was performed more frequently in the obese group (33.1% versus 21.3% of all the other groups combined. The neonatal birthweight was in direct proportion to the maternal weight, measured by various methods. It is worth noting the importance of microelements in the milk ingestion of the pregnant patients and the influence on their weight.
1988年至1922年期间，对圣地亚哥大都会卫生服务中心就诊的孕妇营养状况数据进行了分析。体重过轻（22.2%）、体重正常（47.2%）、超重（19.7%）和肥胖（15.4%）。共研究了4555名孕妇。体重过轻1136人，体重正常1219人，超重1100人，肥胖1100人。20岁以下患者体重过轻的情况明显更常见，而30岁以上患者超重和肥胖的情况明显更常见。高血压（2.6%）是肥胖组唯一显著的发病因素。超重和肥胖组月经初潮较早，而肥胖组经期较短。肥胖组最常与高胎次（75.1%）、死产（4.6%）、自然流产（19.5%）、人工流产（3.1%）和高产科风险（33.2%）相关。在所使用的标准曲线中，体重过轻的患者在怀孕初期表现异常。肥胖组在孕期体重增加的比例较小（超重和肥胖组为42.8%，体重过轻和正常组为34.7%）。肥胖组高血压（20.4%）和糖尿病（0.7%）的发生率更高，而产科并发症在体重过轻组（6.3%）中发生得更频繁。受试组贫血（45.4%）和早产（12.3%）的发生率更高。肥胖组剖宫产的发生率更高（33.1%，而其他所有组的总和为21.3%）。通过各种方法测量，新生儿出生体重与母亲体重成正比。值得注意的是微量元素在孕妇乳汁摄入中的重要性及其对体重的影响。
需要说明的是，你提供的原文时间区间“1988 - 1922”可能有误，推测应该是“1988 - 1992” ，请你检查确认下。
