Chen K S, Miller K H, Hengehold D
Procter & Gamble Pharmaceutical Research Division, Miami Valley Laboratories, Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH 45253-8707, USA.
Clin Exp Allergy. 1996 Mar;26(3):295-302.
T cells are shown to regulate allergy and asthma. They are heterogeneous by virtue of surface receptor subtypes (alpha beta and gamma delta receptors), however, their pathophysiological roles in asthma are unclear.
The present study employed flow cytometric analysis to compare the size of T-cell subsets and eosinophils present in the peripheral blood of healthy, allergic and allergic asthmatic individuals.
Current results demonstrated that the percentages of gamma delta T cells declined from 4.1% in healthy to 3.2% in the allergic subjects and to a significantly lower (P = 0.01) 2.4% in allergic asthmatics. The absolute numbers of circulating gamma delta T cells also were diminished in a similar fashion such that healthy individuals had a significantly higher mean cell count (91.8 x 10(3)/mL) than did allergic asthmatics (47.8 x 10(3)/mL) (P = 0.0266). In contrast, alpha beta T cells were comparable in the healthy, allergic, and allergic asthmatic populations (65.3%, 65.8% and 69.4%, respectively); the differences were not statistically significant. On a populational basis, the proportion of individuals having both gamma delta T cells < or = 4.1% and eosinophils > or = 2.1% was the lowest in the healthy population (30.8%), but was elevated in the allergic group (85.7%) as well as in the allergic asthmatic group (86.6%). However, on an individual basis, those who had reduced gamma delta T cells did not have consistently higher eosinophil counts or IgE level.
It was concluded that no significant correlation existed between the levels between gamma delta T cells and eosinophils or between gamma delta T cells and IgE present in the peripheral blood. This report, for the first time, documents that allergic asthmatics have reduced gamma delta T cells with reciprocally elevated eosinophil numbers in their peripheral circulation. However, it does not indicate that the reduction of gamma delta T cells directly correlates with the predominance of eosinophils of IgE levels in the diseased populations. The pathophysiological role of gamma delta T cells in allergic diseases awaits further exploration.
T细胞被证明可调节过敏和哮喘。由于表面受体亚型（αβ和γδ受体），它们具有异质性，然而，它们在哮喘中的病理生理作用尚不清楚。
本研究采用流式细胞术分析，比较健康、过敏和过敏性哮喘个体外周血中T细胞亚群和嗜酸性粒细胞的大小。
目前的结果表明，γδT细胞的百分比从健康人的4.1%下降到过敏受试者的3.2%，在过敏性哮喘患者中显著降低（P = 0.01）至2.4%。循环γδT细胞的绝对数量也以类似方式减少，使得健康个体的平均细胞计数（91.8×10³/mL）显著高于过敏性哮喘患者（47.8×10³/mL）（P = 0.0266）。相比之下，αβT细胞在健康、过敏和过敏性哮喘人群中相当（分别为65.3%、65.8%和69.4%）；差异无统计学意义。在总体基础上，γδT细胞≤4.1%且嗜酸性粒细胞≥2.1%的个体比例在健康人群中最低（30.8%），但在过敏组（85.7%）和过敏性哮喘组（86.6%）中升高。然而，在个体基础上，γδT细胞减少的人并没有始终具有更高的嗜酸性粒细胞计数或IgE水平。
得出的结论是，外周血中γδT细胞水平与嗜酸性粒细胞水平之间或γδT细胞与IgE之间不存在显著相关性。本报告首次记录了过敏性哮喘患者外周循环中γδT细胞减少，嗜酸性粒细胞数量相应增加。然而，这并不表明γδT细胞的减少与患病群体中嗜酸性粒细胞或IgE水平的优势直接相关。γδT细胞在过敏性疾病中的病理生理作用有待进一步探索。
