Carmody E P, James K J, Kelly S S
Chemistry Department, Cork RTC, Bishopstown, Ireland.
Toxicon. 1996 Mar;34(3):351-9. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(95)00141-7.
Diarrhoetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) in Europe is due mainly to the presence of the dinoflagellate toxin, okadaic acid (OA). However, analysis of cultivated mussels (Mytilus edulis) from southwest Ireland revealed that an isomer of OA, dinophysistoxin-2, was the major toxin present during DSP episodes. Using fluorimetric HPLC, following derivatisation with 9-anthryldiazomethane, both OA and DTX-2 were found in shellfish during a prolonged toxic episode in 1991. However, examination of similar mussel cultivation locations in 1994 showed that DTX-2 was even more predominant. During this DSP period, OA levels were less than 0.7 microgram/g, whereas maximum DTX-2 levels of 6.3 micrograms/g hepatopancreas were recorded. This toxicity in shellfish occurred soon after high cell counts of Dinophysis acuta were observed. As well as large seasonal variability in toxin levels in rope cultured mussels, substantial variations were also observed, both horizontally and vertically, within the water column.
欧洲的腹泻性贝类中毒（DSP）主要是由于存在甲藻毒素——冈田酸（OA）。然而，对爱尔兰西南部养殖贻贝（紫贻贝）的分析显示，OA的一种异构体——鳍藻毒素-2（DTX-2）是DSP发作期间存在的主要毒素。在1991年一次持续的毒性事件中，使用9-蒽重氮甲烷衍生化后的荧光高效液相色谱法，在贝类中同时发现了OA和DTX-2。然而，1994年对类似贻贝养殖地点的检测表明，DTX-2更为占主导地位。在这次DSP期间，OA含量低于0.7微克/克，而肝胰腺中DTX-2的最高含量记录为6.3微克/克。在观察到尖鳍藻细胞数量大量增加后不久，贝类就出现了这种毒性。除了绳养贻贝中毒素水平存在较大的季节性变化外，在水柱内水平和垂直方向上也观察到了显著差异。
