Baeza H
Departamento de Cardiología, Hospital del Salvador, Santiago de Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 1995 Dec;123(12):1525-8.
The informed consent, in which the physician informs about procedures to be performed and requests approval, puts into practice the communication between physicians and patients. The consent will always be verbal and will only put writing in complex or risky situations. This doctrine, that promotes the recognition of patients autonomy, is employed since the end of World War II. Its main features are mental competence to know and elect, adequate and comprehensible information and voluntary acceptance or denial. In the situations of requested paternalism, therapeutic privilege and placebo use, information is not given and the consent is not requested. In all research protocols, a written informed consent must be requested. The consent is a form of communication that tries to defend patients rights as something close and alive, and should not become a ritual.
知情同意是指医生告知患者将要进行的程序并请求批准，从而实现医患之间的沟通。同意通常是口头的，只有在复杂或有风险的情况下才会形成书面形式。这种促进承认患者自主权的学说自第二次世界大战结束以来就被采用。其主要特征包括具备了解和选择的心智能力、充分且可理解的信息以及自愿接受或拒绝。在要求家长式作风、治疗特权和使用安慰剂的情况下，不提供信息且不寻求同意。在所有研究方案中，必须要求获得书面知情同意。同意是一种沟通形式，旨在切实维护患者的权利，不应沦为一种形式。
