Engeland A, Haldorsen T, Andersen A, Tretli S
Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway.
Cancer Causes Control. 1996 May;7(3):366-76. doi: 10.1007/BF00052943.
While factory-made cigarettes dominate the market in most countries, the use of handrolled cigarettes accounts for a substantial proportion of the tobacco consumption in Norway. In the present study, we examined the impact of tobacco smoking on lung cancer in general, and the effect of handrolled cigarettes in particular. The data used was from a self-administered mailed questionnaire which included questions about smoking habits and which was completed by about 26,000 men and women in 1964-65. During the follow-up from 1966 to 1993, 333 lung cancers in men and 102 in women were registered. The analysis was performed by use of the Cox proportional hazards regression models. A clear dose-response relationship was found both for cigarette smoking, and for pipe smoking (in men). The dose-response relationship of cigarette smoking was seen in all the three histologic groups considered-squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and small cell carcinoma. The highest relative risks were noted in squamous cell and small cell carcinoma. A higher risk of lung cancer was found for cigarette-smoking women who started cigarette smoking before the age of 30 compared with similar groups of men. In a combined analysis of men and women, an elevated relative risk of 1.9 (95 percent confidence interval = 1.2-3.3) was found for those smoking only handrolled cigarettes compared with those smoking factory-made filter cigarettes only.
虽然在大多数国家，机制香烟主导着市场，但手卷烟的使用在挪威的烟草消费中占了很大比例。在本研究中，我们总体考察了吸烟对肺癌的影响，尤其考察了手卷烟的影响。所使用的数据来自一份自填式邮寄问卷，其中包括关于吸烟习惯的问题，该问卷由约26000名男性和女性在1964年至1965年期间填写。在1966年至1993年的随访期间，登记了333例男性肺癌和102例女性肺癌。分析采用Cox比例风险回归模型进行。吸烟和吸烟斗（男性）均发现了明确的剂量反应关系。吸烟的剂量反应关系在所有三个组织学组中均可见——鳞状细胞癌、腺癌和小细胞癌。鳞状细胞癌和小细胞癌的相对风险最高。与类似男性群体相比，30岁之前开始吸烟的吸烟女性患肺癌的风险更高。在男性和女性的综合分析中，发现仅吸手卷烟者与仅吸机制过滤嘴香烟者相比，相对风险升高了1.9（95%置信区间=1.2 - 3.3）。
