Proctor S P, White R F, Robins T G, Echeverria D, Rocskay A Z
Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, MA, USA.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1996 Apr;22(2):124-32. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.120.
The present investigation examined whether increased overtime work predicts impairment in cognitive performance in the domains of attention, executive function, and mood.
The behavioral and cognitive functions of 248 automotive workers were measured by a neurobehavioral test performance. Overtime, defined as number of hours worked greater than 8 h a day or greater than 5 d a week, was calculated from company payroll records for the week before the test day. The number of consecutive days worked before the test day was also determined.
Cross-sectional data analysis by multiple linear regression, after adjustment for the effects of age, education, gender, alcohol intake, repeated grade in school, acute petroleum naphtha exposure, shift worked, job type, number of consecutive days worked before the test day, and number of hours worked on the test day before the testing, demonstrated that increased overtime was significantly associated with impaired performance on several tests of attention and executive function. Increased feelings of depression, fatigue, and confusion were also associated with increased overtime work. In addition significant interaction effects were observed for job type but not for naphtha exposure.
The findings support the hypothesis that overtime work results in impaired cognitive performance in the areas of attention and executive function and that both overtime hours and the number of consecutive days worked prior to a test day affect mood.
本研究调查了加班时间增加是否预示着注意力、执行功能和情绪等认知表现领域的受损情况。
通过神经行为测试表现来测量248名汽车工人的行为和认知功能。加班时间定义为每天工作时间超过8小时或每周工作超过5天，从测试日前一周的公司工资记录中计算得出。还确定了测试日前连续工作的天数。
在对年龄、教育程度、性别、酒精摄入量、在校重复年级、急性石油石脑油暴露、轮班工作、工作类型、测试日前连续工作的天数以及测试前一天的工作时长等因素的影响进行调整后，通过多元线性回归进行的横断面数据分析表明，加班时间增加与多项注意力和执行功能测试的表现受损显著相关。抑郁、疲劳和困惑感增加也与加班时间增加有关。此外，观察到工作类型存在显著的交互作用，但石脑油暴露不存在交互作用。
研究结果支持以下假设，即加班会导致注意力和执行功能领域的认知表现受损，并且加班时长和测试日前连续工作的天数都会影响情绪。
