Putz R L, Müller-Gerbl M
Department I, Institute of Anatomy, Munich, Germany.
Clin Anat. 1996;9(3):205-12. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2353(1996)9:3<205::AID-CA12>3.0.CO;2-V.
The increase in degenerative diseases of the vertebral column is often attributed to an inadequate adaptation to the upright posture in the human. On the basis of a precise analysis of the motion segments, an attempt has here been made to demonstrate that the design of the vertebrae in both the larger mammals and in humans has resulted in no qualitative differences between the stresses to which either is subjected. In the course of evolution there has certainly been an obvious conflict in aims between the need for essential stability and the desired or necessary mobility. These mutually self-limiting mechanisms are reflected in the highly specialized architecture of the ligamentous apparatus and vertebral joints. We conclude that the human vertebral column seems to be an optimized compromise of evolution.
脊柱退行性疾病的增加通常归因于人类对直立姿势的适应不足。基于对运动节段的精确分析，本文试图证明，大型哺乳动物和人类的椎骨设计在其所承受的应力方面没有质的差异。在进化过程中，在基本稳定性的需求与期望的或必要的活动性之间，目标显然存在冲突。这些相互自我限制的机制反映在韧带装置和椎间关节的高度专业化结构中。我们得出结论，人类脊柱似乎是进化的优化折衷方案。
