Bar-Or O, Wilk B
Children's Exercise & Nutrition Centre, McMaster University, ON, Canada.
Int J Sport Nutr. 1996 Jun;6(2):93-9. doi: 10.1123/ijsn.6.2.93.
This article reviews studies, mostly from the authors' laboratory, on children's sweating rates and composition, voluntary drinking patterns during prolonged exercise in the heat, taste perception of beverages, and the importance of fluid flavor and composition in preventing voluntary dehydration. Subjects were children, exposed for 90 to 180 min to intermittent bouts of cycling (45-50% maximal O2 uptake) in a climatic chamber (mostly at 35 degrees C, 40-50% relative humidity). There were five main findings: When given unflavored water ad libitum, children dehydrated progressively and their core temperature increased faster than in adults. When offered drinks with various flavors, children preferred grape to other flavors. When given grape-flavored water during intermittent exercise in the heat, children voluntarily drank 44.5% more than with unflavored water. When given grape-flavored carbohydrate-electrolyte solution, they voluntarily drank 91% more than with unflavored water. Finally, such consumption of carbohydrate-electrolyte solution was sufficient to prevent voluntary dehydration during 180-min intermittent exercise in the heat.
本文回顾了主要来自作者实验室的多项研究，这些研究涉及儿童的出汗率及汗液成分、炎热环境下长时间运动期间的自愿饮水模式、饮料的味觉感知，以及液体风味和成分在预防自愿性脱水方面的重要性。研究对象为儿童，他们在气候舱中进行90至180分钟的间歇性骑行（最大摄氧量的45 - 50%）（多数情况下温度为35摄氏度，相对湿度为40 - 50%）。主要有五项研究发现：随意饮用无味水时，儿童会逐渐脱水，且其核心体温比成年人升高得更快。提供多种口味的饮料时，儿童更喜欢葡萄味的饮料。在炎热环境下进行间歇性运动时饮用葡萄味水，儿童的自愿饮水量比饮用无味水时多44.5%。饮用葡萄味碳水化合物 - 电解质溶液时，他们的自愿饮水量比饮用无味水时多91%。最后，这种碳水化合物 - 电解质溶液的摄入量足以防止儿童在炎热环境下进行180分钟间歇性运动时出现自愿性脱水。
