Seltzer F
Stat Bull Metrop Insur Co. 1996 Jan-Mar;77(1):13-8.
For over half a century, the standard for age-adjustment in mortality studies has been based on the total population according to the 1940 census. The question periodically arises, however, whether a more recent census population might now be more appropriate. Thus, a study using the six censuses from 1940 to 1990 was conducted to see the effect each of these populations would have on the age-adjusted (standardized) death rates. While the size of the age-adjusted rates was affected by the censal standard populations from 1940 to 1990, these populations hardly changed the proportional mortality by age, sex, cause-of-death and geographic area. It appears that a shift from the 1940 standard will not be necessary, although if more detailed comparisons are needed, age-specific death rates can always be used. The 1940 standard also has the advantage of being consistent with many earlier studies.
半个多世纪以来，死亡率研究中的年龄调整标准一直基于1940年人口普查的总人口数。然而，人们不时会提出这样的问题，即现在采用更近一次人口普查的人口数是否会更合适。因此，开展了一项研究，使用了1940年至1990年的六次人口普查数据，以观察这些人口中的每一个对年龄调整（标准化）死亡率会产生何种影响。虽然1940年至1990年的人口普查标准人口影响了年龄调整率的大小，但这些人口几乎没有改变按年龄、性别、死因和地理区域划分的比例死亡率。看来没有必要从1940年的标准进行转变，不过，如果需要更详细的比较，总是可以使用特定年龄死亡率。1940年的标准还具有与许多早期研究一致的优点。
