Hirsch V M, Dapolito G, Goeken R, Campbell B J
Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA. Vanessa
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 1995 Dec;5(6):798-806. doi: 10.1016/0959-437x(95)80014-v.
Studies of primate lentivirus phylogeny over the past decade have established a minimum of five related, but genetically distinct, groups of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), each originating from a different African primate species. The hypothesis that HIV-2 (and SIVmac) arose by cross-species transmission from sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys has been strengthened by a more detailed characterization of the SIVsm/SIVmac/HIV-2 group of viruses. SIV from all four subspecies of African green monkeys (SIVagm) have been characterized with an apparent chimeric genome structure of SIVagm from West African green monkeys. Although these naturally infected primates remain healthy, cross-species transmission to other primate species may result in immunodeficiency, as caused by SIVsm infection of macaque monkeys (Macaca sp.) and recently, SIVagm infection of pig-tailed macaques (M. nemestrina). Studies of variation within infected individuals have been facilitated by adaptation of the techniques of heteroduplex analysis and single-stranded conformational polymorphism of PCR generated fragments.
在过去十年中，对灵长类慢病毒系统发育的研究已确定至少有五个相关但基因不同的猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIV）组，每组都起源于不同的非洲灵长类物种。通过对SIVsm/SIVmac/HIV-2病毒组进行更详细的特征描述，关于HIV-2（和SIVmac）是由煤烟狒狒（Cercocebus atys）跨物种传播产生的假说得到了加强。来自非洲绿猴所有四个亚种的SIV（SIVagm）已被鉴定，西非绿猴的SIVagm具有明显的嵌合基因组结构。尽管这些自然感染的灵长类动物保持健康，但跨物种传播到其他灵长类物种可能会导致免疫缺陷，就像猕猴（Macaca sp.）感染SIVsm以及最近猪尾猕猴（M. nemestrina）感染SIVagm所导致的那样。通过采用异源双链分析技术和PCR产生片段的单链构象多态性技术，促进了对感染个体内变异的研究。
