Smart R G
Social Science Consulting, Toronto, Canada.
J Stud Alcohol. 1996 Jan;57(1):77-84. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1996.57.77.
The purpose of this article is to review the literature on the effects of beer, wine and spirits on the behavioral consequences of alcohol consumption.
The methods involve library research and analysis of the various published articles relating to experimental and survey studies of different effects
The major results indicate that (1) after spirits consumption blood alcohol concentrations rise more quickly than after beer; (2) for most behavioral tasks beer creates less impairment than brandy at the same dose levels; (3) brandy also leads to more emotional and aggressive responses; (4) those who drink beer or beer and spirits have more alcohol-related problems than others; and (5) beer drinkers are more likely than others to drink and drive, to be arrested for drinking-driving and to be in alcohol-related accidents.
It appears that beer and spirits lead to greater problems than does wine consumption. However, there is a need for more studies of women and confirmed drinkers of various beverages. There is also a need to study the effects of wine consumption on behavioral impairment. Lastly, there is a need to determine if there is a beer-drinking culture which supports heavy drinking and driving after drinking.
本文旨在综述有关啤酒、葡萄酒和烈酒对饮酒行为后果影响的文献。
方法包括图书馆研究以及对各种已发表文章的分析，这些文章涉及不同影响的实验和调查研究。
主要结果表明：（1）饮用烈酒后血液酒精浓度比饮用啤酒后上升得更快；（2）在相同剂量水平下，对于大多数行为任务，啤酒造成的损害比白兰地小；（3）白兰地还会引发更多情绪和攻击性反应；（4）饮用啤酒或啤酒与烈酒的人比其他人有更多与酒精相关的问题；（5）啤酒饮用者比其他人更有可能酒后驾车、因酒驾被捕以及发生与酒精相关的事故。
看来啤酒和烈酒比饮用葡萄酒导致的问题更多。然而，需要对女性以及各类饮品的确定饮酒者进行更多研究。还需要研究饮用葡萄酒对行为损害的影响。最后，需要确定是否存在一种支持大量饮酒和酒后驾车的啤酒饮用文化。
