Preusser D F, Williams A F, Ulmer R G
PRG Inc., Trumbull, CT 06611, USA.
Accid Anal Prev. 1995 Dec;27(6):845-51. doi: 10.1016/0001-4575(95)00027-5.
There were 2074 crashes fatal to a motorcycle driver in the United States during 1992. A computer program was developed to convert Fatal Accident Reporting System (FARS) data for these crashes into standard format English language "crash reports". The computer generated reports were analyzed and crash type categories were defined. Five defined crash type categories accounted for 1785 (86%) of the 2074 crash events: Ran off-road (41%); ran traffic control (18%); oncoming or head-on (11%); left-turn oncoming (8%); and motorcyclist down (7%). Alcohol and excessive speed were common factors associated with motorcyclist crash involvement. Left turns and failure to yield were common factors associated with the involvement of other motorists. Suggested countermeasures include helmet use and enforcement of speed and impaired driving laws.
1992年，美国发生了2074起致使摩托车驾驶员死亡的撞车事故。开发了一个计算机程序，将这些事故的致命事故报告系统（FARS）数据转换为标准格式的英语“撞车报告”。对计算机生成的报告进行了分析，并定义了撞车类型类别。在2074起撞车事故中，五个定义好的撞车类型类别占了1785起（86%）：驶离道路（41%）；违反交通管制（18%）；迎面或正面碰撞（11%）；左转迎面碰撞（8%）；以及摩托车手摔倒（7%）。酒精和超速是与摩托车手撞车事故相关的常见因素。左转和不让行是与其他驾车者卷入事故相关的常见因素。建议采取的对策包括使用头盔以及加强对速度和酒驾法律的执法力度。
