Varadi G, Elchalal U, Brautbar C, Nagler A
Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hadassah University Hospital & Hadassah, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
Leuk Lymphoma. 1995 Dec;20(1-2):51-8. doi: 10.3109/10428199509054753.
Human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) represents a unique source of transplantable hematopoietic progenitor cells. HUCB from a newborn sibling has been used successfully for hematopoietic reconstitution of more than 50 children with congenital and malignant diseases. Moreover, 13 HUCB transplants have been performed from unrelated donors. Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) has rapidly progressed over the last two decades offering cure and prolonged disease free survival in patients with hemato-oncological malignancies, metabolic and genetic disorders. BMT is limited by the paucity of HLA-matched donors and the morbidity and mortality due to graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). HUCB could alleviate some of the problems associated with BMT and establishment of HUCB bank and registries could become an easily available source of suitable stem cells for transplantation. This review focuses on identifying current scientific problems and clinical achievement as well as noting the most recent developments in the field with special attention to the collection, processing, cryopreservation, and banking of HUCB. Progenitor cells from cord blood may provide an excellent vehicle for future gene therapy. As a result of relative immunodeficiency at birth, it is likely that partially matched unrelated cord blood transplants (CBT) would be successful due to a lower risk of GVHD related problems. Therefore, the establishment of large cord blood banks is of the utmost importance, in the future.
人类脐带血（HUCB）是可移植造血祖细胞的独特来源。来自新生同胞的脐带血已成功用于50多名患有先天性和恶性疾病儿童的造血重建。此外，还进行了13例无关供体的脐带血移植。在过去二十年中，骨髓移植（BMT）迅速发展，为血液肿瘤恶性疾病、代谢和遗传疾病患者提供了治愈方法并延长了无病生存期。BMT受到HLA匹配供体稀缺以及移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）导致的发病率和死亡率的限制。脐带血可以缓解与BMT相关的一些问题，建立脐带血库和登记处可以成为易于获得的合适移植干细胞来源。本综述重点在于确定当前的科学问题和临床成果，以及关注该领域的最新进展，特别关注脐带血的采集、处理、冷冻保存和储存。来自脐带血的祖细胞可能为未来的基因治疗提供良好载体。由于出生时相对免疫缺陷，部分匹配的无关脐带血移植（CBT）因GVHD相关问题风险较低而可能成功。因此，建立大型脐带血库在未来至关重要。
