Nüssgens Z, Roggenkämper P
Universitäts-Augenklinik, Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Germany.
Ger J Ophthalmol. 1995 Nov;4(6):363-7.
The treatment of essential blepharospasm with botulinum toxin has been known for a decade and is becoming increasingly more popular. To our knowledge, only a few longterm studies in major patient populations have been published. Of a total of more than 1,600 patients, results of treatment were evaluated in 115 patients (31 men and 84 women) treated continuously for a minimum of 3 years and a maximum of 8 years (mean, 5.7 years). Patients were divided into two groups. Group I represents the "good responders" and contains all patients who received only 4-10 injections over that time (n = 55). Group II represents the "poor responders, " who received at least 20 injections over that period (n = 60). Group I received a mean of 7.1 injections, whereas group II had a mean of 24.4 injections (total, 1,855). In group I the beneficial effect lasted for an average of 14.6 weeks (range, 2-52 weeks), whereas group II had a mean beneficial effect for only 6.8 weeks (range, 0-18 weeks). The time of efficacy remained statistically stable even in the case of frequent treatment (up to 36 injections in group II). Systemic or severe long-lasting local side effects were never observed; the most frequent side effects were: group I-ptosis, 5.4%; tearing, 5.1%; double vision, 1.8%; and lid lag, 1.5%; group II-ptosis, 4.3%; tearing, 3.3% lid lag, 1.9%, and double vision, 1.6%. The treatment of essential blepharospasm with botulinum toxin is a very effective therapy with minimal and transient complications. It may be used for long-term treatment without showing a decrease in efficacy.
肉毒杆菌毒素治疗特发性眼睑痉挛已有十年，且越来越受欢迎。据我们所知，仅有少数针对主要患者群体的长期研究发表。在总共1600多名患者中，对115名患者（31名男性和84名女性）的治疗结果进行了评估，这些患者连续接受治疗至少3年，最长8年（平均5.7年）。患者被分为两组。第一组为“良好反应者”，包括在此期间仅接受4 - 10次注射的所有患者（n = 55）。第二组为“不良反应者”，在此期间接受至少20次注射（n = 60）。第一组平均接受7.1次注射，而第二组平均接受24.4次注射（总计1855次）。在第一组中，有益效果平均持续14.6周（范围2 - 52周），而第二组的平均有益效果仅为6.8周（范围0 - 18周）。即使在频繁治疗的情况下（第二组多达36次注射），疗效持续时间在统计学上仍保持稳定。从未观察到全身性或严重的长期局部副作用；最常见的副作用为：第一组——上睑下垂，5.4%；流泪，5.1%；复视，1.8%；睑滞后，1.5%；第二组——上睑下垂，4.3%；流泪，3.3%；睑滞后，1.9%；复视，1.6%。肉毒杆菌毒素治疗特发性眼睑痉挛是一种非常有效的疗法，并发症极少且短暂。它可用于长期治疗而不出现疗效下降。
