Xiao S, Shi Z, Zhuo S, Wang C, Zhang Z, Chu B, Zhen J, Chen M
Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai.
Chin Med J (Engl). 1996 Apr;109(4):272-5.
To study the preventive effect of oral artemether (Art) against schistosomal infection in the field.
In Minglang District of Yiyang City, Hunan Province, there is an islet with embankment type endemic area in the southern Dongting Lake region. From August to October 1994 the residents who frequently contacted the infested water were selected for study and allocated to the Art group and the control group. About one month before the preventive Art administration, all the residents understudied were examined by stool hatching technique, and then treated orally with praziquantel at a single dose of 40 mg/kg in stool egg-negative residents and 50 mg/kg in stool egg-positive ones. In the Art group, the first dose of 6 mg/kg was given at the end of August, followed by 3 repeated doses every 15 days. Placebo (starch) was given to the control group at the same time as in the Art group. The preventive efficacy was evaluated by stool examination 25-32 days after the last medication.
In the Art group, 20 out of 365 studied residents became stool positive with an infection rate of 5.5%, while in the control group, 51 out of 376 studied residents were stool positive with an infection rate of 13.6%. The egg count per gram of feces (EPG) determined by the Kato-Katz method was 122 +/- 79 in the Art group and 681 +/- 909 in the control group. Meanwhile, two cases of acute schistosomiasis were found in the control group, but none was observed in the Art group. No apparent adverse side effect was seen during the treatment with Art.
Oral Art exhibited apparent preventive effect on the residents who contacted the infested water in schistosomiasis endemic area.
研究口服蒿甲醚（Art）在现场对血吸虫感染的预防效果。
在湖南省益阳市明朗区，南洞庭湖地区有一个堤围型疫区的小岛。1994年8月至10月，选择经常接触疫水的居民进行研究，并分为蒿甲醚组和对照组。在预防性服用蒿甲醚约1个月前，对所有研究对象进行粪便孵化技术检查，然后对粪便虫卵阴性的居民口服吡喹酮，单剂量为40mg/kg，粪便虫卵阳性者为50mg/kg。蒿甲醚组在8月底给予首剂6mg/kg，随后每15天重复给药3次。对照组在与蒿甲醚组相同的时间给予安慰剂（淀粉）。在最后一次用药后25 - 32天通过粪便检查评估预防效果。
蒿甲醚组365名研究居民中有20人粪便检查呈阳性，感染率为5.5%，而对照组376名研究居民中有51人粪便检查呈阳性，感染率为13.6%。用Kato - Katz法测定的每克粪便虫卵数（EPG），蒿甲醚组为122±79，对照组为681±909。同时，对照组发现2例急性血吸虫病，而蒿甲醚组未观察到。在蒿甲醚治疗期间未观察到明显的不良反应。
口服蒿甲醚对血吸虫病疫区接触疫水的居民有明显的预防效果。
