Calonge M, Montero J A, Herreras J M, Ramón J J, Pastor J C
Ocular Immunology Unit, Institute of Ophthalmobiology (IOBA), Valladolid Medical School, University of Valladolid, Spain.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1996 Aug;77(2):124-30. doi: 10.1016/s1081-1206(10)63498-9.
Because ocular allergic disorders are important in terms of frequency and severity, there is a constant search for new topical antiallergic drugs. Nedocromil sodium has recently been introduced as a potential substitute for the mast cell stabilizer cromolyn sodium.
We compared the efficacy of topical 2% nedocromil sodium to that of 2% cromolyn sodium in treatment of the early-phase reaction of an experimental model of allergic conjunctivitis.
Guinea pigs were challenged topically with egg albumin 14 days after systemic immunization. Fifteen minutes before, immediately prior to, and 15 minutes after topical challenge, the animals received either 2% nedocromil sodium or 2% cromolyn sodium topically in one eye and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) in the other eye. Antigen-induced increase in vascular permeability was measured by the extravasation of intravenously injected Evans blue dye. Animals that were immunized and topically challenged but did not receive Evans blue were used for histologic studies.
Evans blue extravasation from ocular tissues significantly decreased in drug-treated eyes compared with PBS-treated eyes (P < .01). Further, the cellular infiltrate (mast cells, eosinophils, and neutrophils) in the substantia propria of the conjunctiva was markedly reduced in the drug-treated eyes. No significant difference was observed between the nedocromil sodium- or cromolyn sodium-treated eyes.
Topical 2% nedocromil sodium reduces the early-phase reaction of the allergic response as effectively as 2% sodium cromoglycate in a guinea pig model of ocular anaphylaxis.
由于眼部过敏性疾病在发病频率和严重程度方面都很重要，因此一直在不断寻找新的局部用抗过敏药物。奈多罗米钠最近已被引入，作为肥大细胞稳定剂色甘酸钠的潜在替代品。
我们比较了局部用2%奈多罗米钠与2%色甘酸钠在治疗过敏性结膜炎实验模型早期反应中的疗效。
豚鼠在全身免疫14天后接受眼部局部卵清蛋白激发。在局部激发前15分钟、即将激发前以及激发后15分钟，动物一只眼局部给予2%奈多罗米钠或2%色甘酸钠，另一只眼给予磷酸盐缓冲盐水（PBS）。通过静脉注射伊文思蓝染料的外渗来测量抗原诱导的血管通透性增加。对免疫并接受局部激发但未注射伊文思蓝的动物进行组织学研究。
与PBS处理的眼睛相比，药物处理的眼睛中眼部组织的伊文思蓝外渗显著减少（P <.01）。此外，药物处理的眼睛中结膜固有层的细胞浸润（肥大细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞）明显减少。奈多罗米钠或色甘酸钠处理的眼睛之间未观察到显著差异。
在豚鼠眼部过敏反应模型中，局部用2%奈多罗米钠与2%色甘酸钠一样有效地减轻了过敏反应的早期反应。
