Nakamura K, Kubota K
Department of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Kyoto University, Aichi, Japan.
Behav Brain Res. 1996 May;77(1-2):53-77. doi: 10.1016/0166-4328(95)00227-8.
In this article, we consider both the ventral temporopolar cortex and the perirhinal cortex (areas 35 and 36) as the anterior ventromedial temporal (aVMT) cortex, and discuss its role based on recent data in monkeys and human subjects. In monkeys, the aVMT cortex receives its primary input from area TE, and only minor input from other cortical areas. Laminar patterns of connections suggest that the aVMT cortex is a hierarchically higher-order area than area TE. Lesions of this cortex produce deficits in the learning and performance of visual memory tasks. Neurons in the aVMT cortex respond selectively to complex stimuli and changes in activity related to visual memory tasks. In humans, damage of this cortex induces deficits in the recognition of familiar objects and faces. The aVMT cortex is activated during recognition of familiar faces. In addition, the aVMT cortex is one of the most vulnerable areas in Alzheimer's disease. All these data indicate that the aVMT cortex is a higher-order visual cortical area that is related to object recognition and memory. The anterior area TE has been implicated in both functions. We propose here that these areas and the anterior entorhinal cortex are designated as the temporal pole, a brain region which is specialized for both object recognition and memory.
在本文中，我们将腹侧颞极皮质和鼻周皮质（35区和36区）均视为腹内侧颞叶前部（aVMT）皮质，并基于最近在猴子和人类受试者中的数据讨论其作用。在猴子中，aVMT皮质主要接收来自TE区的输入，仅从其他皮质区域接收少量输入。连接的分层模式表明，aVMT皮质是一个比TE区层次更高的区域。该皮质的损伤会导致视觉记忆任务的学习和执行出现缺陷。aVMT皮质中的神经元对复杂刺激以及与视觉记忆任务相关的活动变化有选择性反应。在人类中，该皮质的损伤会导致对熟悉物体和面孔的识别出现缺陷。在识别熟悉面孔时，aVMT皮质会被激活。此外，aVMT皮质是阿尔茨海默病中最易受损的区域之一。所有这些数据表明，aVMT皮质是一个与物体识别和记忆相关的高级视觉皮质区域。前部TE区也与这两种功能有关。我们在此提出，这些区域和前部内嗅皮质被指定为颞极，这是一个专门用于物体识别和记忆的脑区。
