Marttila T I, Karikoski J O
Department of Audiology, Ear, Nose and Throat Clinic Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 1996 Jan;34(1-2):45-51. doi: 10.1016/0165-5876(95)01238-9.
The purpose was to report the identification age of the hard-of-hearing children born between 1 January 1973 and 31 December 1990. The subjects comprised all children (353) fitted with hearing aid in an age-matched target population of 270 726 persons in Uusimaa County including Helsinki. The age of identification was studied in three groups; pure tone average (0.5, 1 and 2 kHz) > or = 30 dB, > or = 35 dB and > or = 50 dB HL enabling comparison with the identification ages reported in the literature. In the first group the median identification age was 3.6 years (mean 4.2), in the second 2.9 years (mean 3.8) and in the third 2.1 years (mean 2.8). The first group was identified significantly later than the third one (P = 0.004). The second group differed from the third significantly in detection age as well (P = 0.004). The severity of hearing impairment correlated highly with the detection age (r = -0.69. P < 0.0001). The data clustered at the ages of 1-2.5 years (hearing level 90-120 dB) and at 4-8 years (30-60 dB).
目的是报告1973年1月1日至1990年12月31日期间出生的听力障碍儿童的确诊年龄。研究对象包括在包括赫尔辛基在内的新地区270726人的年龄匹配目标人群中所有佩戴助听器的儿童（353名）。在三组中研究确诊年龄；纯音平均听阈（0.5、1和2千赫）≥30分贝、≥35分贝和≥50分贝听力级，以便与文献中报告的确诊年龄进行比较。在第一组中，确诊年龄中位数为3.6岁（平均4.2岁），第二组为2.9岁（平均3.8岁），第三组为2.1岁（平均2.8岁）。第一组的确诊时间明显晚于第三组（P = 0.004）。第二组在确诊年龄上也与第三组有显著差异（P = 0.004）。听力障碍的严重程度与确诊年龄高度相关（r = -0.69，P < 0.0001）。数据集中在1至2.5岁（听力水平90至120分贝）和4至8岁（30至60分贝）。
