厌恶与蜘蛛恐惧症。

Disgust and spider phobia.

作者信息

Mulkens S A, de Jong P J, Merckelbach H

机构信息

Department of Experimental Abnormal Psychology, Limburg University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

出版信息

J Abnorm Psychol. 1996 Aug;105(3):464-8. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.105.3.464.

DOI:10.1037//0021-843x.105.3.464

PMID:8772018

Abstract

Twenty-four women with spider phobia and 45 nonphobic women completed the Disgust Questionnaire (DQ; P. Rozin, A. E. Fallon, & R. Mandell, 1984) and the Spider Phobia Questionnaire (SPQ; R. Klorman, T. C. Weerts, J. E. Hastings, B. G. Melamed, & P. J. Lang, 1974). Participants also underwent behavioral tests concerning disgust sensitivity and fear of spiders. Spider phobic women showed stronger disgust sensitivity than nonphobic women, and spiders were found to have a disgust-evoking status that was related to participants' fear of spiders. The relationship between DQ and SPQ was independent of neuroticism and introversion. DQ scores were not associated with a global measure of phobic complaints (i.e., Fear Questionnaire; I. M. Marks & A. Mathews, 1979). Results are consistent with a disease-avoidance model of spider phobia (G. Matchett & G. C. L. Davey, 1991), which emphasizes the role of disgust in spider phobia.

摘要

24名患有蜘蛛恐惧症的女性和45名无恐惧症的女性完成了厌恶问卷（DQ；P. 罗津、A. E. 法伦和R. 曼德尔，1984年）以及蜘蛛恐惧症问卷（SPQ；R. 克洛曼、T. C. 韦茨、J. E. 黑斯廷斯、B. G. 梅拉梅德和P. J. 朗，1974年）。参与者还接受了关于厌恶敏感性和对蜘蛛恐惧的行为测试。患有蜘蛛恐惧症的女性比无恐惧症的女性表现出更强的厌恶敏感性，并且发现蜘蛛具有与参与者对蜘蛛的恐惧相关的引发厌恶的地位。DQ和SPQ之间的关系独立于神经质和内向性。DQ得分与恐惧症抱怨的总体测量指标（即恐惧问卷；I. M. 马克斯和A. 马修斯，1979年）无关。结果与蜘蛛恐惧症的疾病回避模型（G. 马切特和G. C. L. 戴维，1991年）一致，该模型强调厌恶在蜘蛛恐惧症中的作用。