Smith D L, Fehling P C
Department of Physical Education and Dance, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1996 Mar;67(3):272-4.
The ability to take a patient's temperature quickly, easily, and accurately is desirable in a variety of situations. However, in order to have confidence in the values obtained, it is important to quantify the reliability of the measurement.
The purpose of this study, therefore, was to determine the reliability of temperature measurements obtained by infra-red tympanic membrane thermometers.
This study examined intra-tester, inter-tester and inter-instrument reliability using two commercially available tympanic membrane thermometers. Forty-four college students (mean age 20.2 +/- 3.6 yr) had their tympanic membrane temperature taken by two investigators, each using two different instruments (ThermoScan Pro-1 and FirstTemp Genius).
The results indicated a statistically significant difference between testers for each instrument. Similarly, there was a significant statistical difference between instruments within each tester. Correlations were moderately high (r = 0.66-0.88) between testers for each instrument, whereas correlations within instruments varied considerably between testers (r = 0.35-0.78). The intra-tester reliability was good for both testers using both instruments with all coefficients of variation (CV) less than 2%. Statistically significant differences were found between testers for each instrument and between instruments for each tester. A 2 x 2 ANOVA revealed a significant main effect for Tester and a significant Tester x Instrument interaction.
We conclude that individual investigators are able to obtain reliable temperature measures when using either the FirstTemp Genius or ThermoScan Pro-1 instruments under resting laboratory conditions. However, inter-tester and inter-instrument reliability should be considered when collecting or comparing data.
在各种情况下，能够快速、轻松且准确地测量患者体温是很有必要的。然而，为了对所获得的值有信心，量化测量的可靠性很重要。
因此，本研究的目的是确定红外鼓膜温度计所测体温的可靠性。
本研究使用两种市售鼓膜温度计检查测试者内、测试者间以及仪器间的可靠性。44名大学生（平均年龄20.2±3.6岁）由两名研究者测量其鼓膜温度，每名研究者使用两种不同仪器（ThermoScan Pro - 1和FirstTemp Genius）。
结果表明每种仪器在测试者之间存在统计学显著差异。同样，每个测试者使用的仪器之间也存在显著统计学差异。每种仪器的测试者之间相关性中等偏高（r = 0.66 - 0.88），而仪器内测试者之间的相关性差异很大（r = 0.35 - 0.78）。两名测试者使用两种仪器时测试者内可靠性均良好，所有变异系数（CV）均小于2%。每种仪器的测试者之间以及每个测试者使用的仪器之间均发现有统计学显著差异。双因素方差分析显示测试者有显著主效应以及测试者×仪器交互作用显著。
我们得出结论，在静息实验室条件下，个体研究者使用FirstTemp Genius或ThermoScan Pro - 1仪器时能够获得可靠的体温测量值。然而，在收集或比较数据时应考虑测试者间和仪器间的可靠性。
