Stojiljković M, Blagojević T, Vukosavić S, Zvezdina N D, Peković S, Nikezić G, Rakić L
Department of Neurobiology and Immunology, Institute for Biological Research, Belgrade, Yugoslavia.
Int J Dev Neurosci. 1996 Feb;14(1):35-44. doi: 10.1016/0736-5748(95)00078-x.
The distribution of GM1 and GM3 gangliosides in human brain development between gestational week (g.w.) 6 and 15 was demonstrated by an immunocytochemical approach using polyclonal anti-GM1 and anti-GM3 antibodies. The first appearance of GM1- and GM3-positive cells was recorded as early as in g.w.6. Both antibodies labeled the cells in the ventricular zone of the telencephalic wall, with radially oriented fibers toward the pial surface, which represent radial glia cells with glia fibers. The intensive GM3 immunoreactivity was also exhibited in proliferating cells in the ventricular zone between g.w.6 and 12. During the period from g.w. 12 to 15, characterized by a rapid multiplication of neurons and glia cells, an increased number of GM1- and GM3-positive cells was observed. Prominent GM1 ganglioside staining was observed at the surface of the cell bodies in the ventricular zone. Besides surface labeling in migrating cells, GM1 immunoreactivity was identified inside the soma in the regions of cortical plate and subplate. GM1 immunoreactivity was more pronounced on the membrane of neuronal cells migrating along radial glia fibers, especially at the contact site between neuronal and glial cells. The GM3 ganglioside was localized mostly inside the soma, showing a granular immunoreactivity pattern. Our observations confirm the presence of GM1 and GM3 gangliosides in neuronal and glial cells in early human brain development. The involvement, especially of GM1 ganglioside in glia-neuronal contacts during migration of neuroblasts to their final destination, as well as the presence of GM3 ganglioside in proliferative cells in the ventricular zone of the telencephalic wall was also recorded.
采用多克隆抗GM1和抗GM3抗体的免疫细胞化学方法，证实了神经节苷脂GM1和GM3在妊娠第6周（g.w.）至15周人脑发育过程中的分布情况。早在妊娠第6周就记录到了GM1和GM3阳性细胞的首次出现。两种抗体都标记了端脑壁室管膜区的细胞，这些细胞有朝向软膜表面的放射状纤维，代表带有胶质纤维的放射状胶质细胞。在妊娠第6周至12周期间，室管膜区增殖细胞中也呈现出强烈的GM3免疫反应性。在妊娠第12周至15周期间，其特点是神经元和胶质细胞快速增殖，观察到GM1和GM3阳性细胞数量增加。在室管膜区细胞体表面观察到明显的GM1神经节苷脂染色。除了在迁移细胞表面标记外，在皮质板和亚板区域的胞体内也发现了GM1免疫反应性。沿着放射状胶质纤维迁移的神经元细胞膜上的GM1免疫反应性更为明显，尤其是在神经元与胶质细胞的接触部位。GM3神经节苷脂主要定位于胞体内，呈现出颗粒状免疫反应模式。我们的观察结果证实了在人类早期脑发育过程中，神经元和胶质细胞中存在GM1和GM3神经节苷脂。还记录到，尤其是GM1神经节苷脂在成神经细胞迁移至最终目的地的过程中参与了胶质-神经元接触，以及GM3神经节苷脂存在于端脑壁室管膜区的增殖细胞中。
