Cox C M, Sutherland W H, Ball M J, Mann J I
Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1996 Jun;50(6):358-63.
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of replacing saturated fatty acids (SAFA) with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the diet on plasma lathosterol concentration, an index of cholesterol synthesis, in mildly hypercholesterolaemic subjects.
The study was a randomised, cross-over trial.
Seventy-six subjects were recruited and one dropped out. Twenty-nine men and 46 women with baseline plasma cholesterol levels in the range 5.5-7.9 mmol/l were entered into the trial.
Subjects were placed on two isocaloric diets, one rich in SAFA and the other high in PUFA, for 6 weeks each. Plasma lathosterol and lipid and lipoprotein concentrations were measured.
When PUFA replaced SAFA in the diet, there was a significant (P = 0.01) fall in plasma lathosterol concentration in all subjects combined [-1.37 (-0.36 to -2.38) mumol/l] which was largely due to a significant (P = 0.03) decrease in men [-2.35 (-0.42 to -4.28) mumol/l] but not in women. The concomitant decreases in plasma cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were similar in men and women. Plasma lathosterol concentration and the ratio lathosterol/cholesterol were significantly higher in men at baseline and during diets rich in SAFA but were not significantly different between the sexes during diets rich in PUFA.
These data suggest that replacing SAFA with PUFA in the diet may reduce cholesterol synthesis in mildly hypercholesterolaemic men and markedly reduce the gender-related difference in cholesterol synthesis commonly observed.
本研究旨在确定在轻度高胆固醇血症患者的饮食中用多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）替代饱和脂肪酸（SAFA）对血浆羊毛甾醇浓度（胆固醇合成指标）的影响。
本研究为随机交叉试验。
招募了76名受试者，1名退出。29名男性和46名女性进入试验，其基线血浆胆固醇水平在5.5 - 7.9 mmol/l范围内。
受试者接受两种等热量饮食，一种富含SAFA，另一种富含PUFA，每种饮食持续6周。测量血浆羊毛甾醇、脂质和脂蛋白浓度。
当饮食中PUFA替代SAFA时，所有受试者的血浆羊毛甾醇浓度显著下降（P = 0.01）[-1.37（-0.36至-2.38）μmol/l]，这主要是由于男性显著下降（P = 0.03）[-2.35（-0.42至-4.28）μmol/l]，而女性没有。男性和女性血浆胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇的相应下降相似。在基线时以及富含SAFA的饮食期间，男性的血浆羊毛甾醇浓度和羊毛甾醇/胆固醇比值显著更高，但在富含PUFA的饮食期间，两性之间无显著差异。
这些数据表明，在轻度高胆固醇血症男性的饮食中用PUFA替代SAFA可能会减少胆固醇合成，并显著降低通常观察到的胆固醇合成中与性别相关的差异。
