Mortaz M, Fewtrell M S, Cole T J, Lucas A
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, King's College London, London W8 7AH, UK.
Arch Dis Child. 2001 Mar;84(3):212-7. doi: 10.1136/adc.84.3.212.
To test the hypothesis that plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and markers of cholesterol biosynthesis (lathosterol) and absorption efficiency (campesterol) in children aged 8-12 years are related to birth size and subsequent growth.
A total of 412 girls and boys weighing less than 1850 g at birth were studied. Birth weight, gestation, and weight at 18 months were recorded and followed up at 8-12 years. Plasma total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, triacylglycerol, lathosterol, and campesterol were measured.
Birth weight for gestational age was positively related to plasma campesterol, and remained so after adjusting for current body size or fatness. Birth weight was negatively related to current plasma lathosterol but only after adjusting for current body size or fatness. For both lathosterol and campesterol the significant relation with birth size adjusted for current size indicates that the change in size between these points (postnatal upward centile crossing) was influential. These relations were absent for total cholesterol, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, and triacylglycerol.
Preterm children who were smaller for gestational age at birth had lower predicted cholesterol absorption efficiency 8-12 years later. Among children of the same current size, predicted endogenous cholesterol synthesis was higher and cholesterol absorption efficiency lower in those who showed the greatest increase in weight centile between birth and follow up. This finding was not confined to children with the smallest birth weights for gestational age. We suggest that both fetal and childhood growth relate to programming of cholesterol metabolism in children born preterm.
检验8至12岁儿童的血浆脂质、脂蛋白以及胆固醇生物合成标志物（羊毛甾醇）和吸收效率标志物（菜油甾醇）与出生体重及随后生长相关这一假设。
对412名出生时体重不足1850克的男童和女童进行研究。记录出生体重、孕周及18个月时的体重，并在8至12岁时进行随访。测量血浆总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、载脂蛋白A1、载脂蛋白B、三酰甘油、羊毛甾醇和菜油甾醇。
出生体重与胎龄比与血浆菜油甾醇呈正相关，在调整当前体型或肥胖程度后依然如此。出生体重与当前血浆羊毛甾醇呈负相关，但仅在调整当前体型或肥胖程度后才出现这种情况。对于羊毛甾醇和菜油甾醇而言，在调整当前体型后与出生体重的显著关联表明，这两个时间点之间的体型变化（出生后向上跨越百分位数）具有影响。总胆固醇、脂蛋白、载脂蛋白和三酰甘油不存在这些关联。
出生时胎龄较小的早产儿在8至12年后预测的胆固醇吸收效率较低。在当前体型相同的儿童中，出生至随访期间体重百分位数增加最大的儿童，预测的内源性胆固醇合成较高，胆固醇吸收效率较低。这一发现并不局限于出生体重与胎龄比最小的儿童。我们认为，胎儿期和儿童期生长均与早产儿胆固醇代谢的编程有关。
