Aitken Wendy A E, Chisholm Alexandra W-A H, Duncan Ashley W, Harper Michelle J, Humphries Steve E, Mann Jim I, Murray Skeaff C, Sutherland Wayne H F, Wallace Alison J, Williams Sheila M
Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2006 Jul;16(5):353-63. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2005.06.007. Epub 2005 Oct 19.
Some individuals respond to a greater extent than others to changes in dietary fat and cholesterol even when dietary intake is consistent. A prospective study has been undertaken in which two groups of individuals according to cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) genotype were compared in terms of plasma lipid response to altering the nature of dietary fat in a free-living situation.
Following genotyping, 35 individuals with the CETP Taq1 B1B1 genotype were paired with age and sex-matched individuals with one or two CETP B2 alleles, to undertake a single crossover trial with a diet high in saturated fat and a diet high in polyunsaturated fat. There was no washout period between the two 4-week phases. Plasma lipoproteins were measured at the beginning and end of each phase. The difference (95% CI) in plasma LDL-cholesterol concentration at the end of the PUFA and SAFA diets was 0.95 (0.71, 1.19) mmol/l in the CETP B1B1 group and 0.80 (0.57, 1.04) mmol/l in the group with at least one CETP B2 allele. The dietary induced changes in the two genotype groups were not significantly different (p=0.38) from each other. Comparable results were observed for plasma total cholesterol. The high PUFA and SAFA diets did not significantly alter plasma HDL concentration in either of the CETP genotype groups. Response was also similar according to apolipoprotein E genotype (E3E3 vs E4+) and lipoprotein lipase genotype (S447X).
The results of this study do not support previous studies in which CETP genotype predicted plasma LDL-cholesterol response to diet. CETP genotype does not significantly affect the change in plasma total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations that occur when altering the nature of dietary fat. These data suggest that the influence of genetic factors on total and LDL-cholesterol may be relatively small in comparison with the effect of dietary manipulation.
即使饮食摄入量保持一致，一些个体对膳食脂肪和胆固醇变化的反应程度也会高于其他个体。本研究进行了一项前瞻性研究，根据胆固醇酯转运蛋白（CETP）基因型将两组个体进行比较，观察在自由生活状态下改变膳食脂肪性质时血浆脂质的反应情况。
基因分型后，将35名CETP Taq1 B1B1基因型个体与年龄和性别匹配的携带一个或两个CETP B2等位基因的个体配对，进行一项单交叉试验，分别采用高饱和脂肪饮食和高多不饱和脂肪饮食。两个为期4周的阶段之间没有洗脱期。在每个阶段开始和结束时测量血浆脂蛋白。在多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）饮食和饱和脂肪酸（SAFA）饮食结束时，CETP B1B1组血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-胆固醇）浓度的差异（95%可信区间）为0.95（0.71，1.19）mmol/L，至少携带一个CETP B2等位基因的组为0.80（0.57，1.04）mmol/L。两个基因型组的饮食诱导变化彼此之间无显著差异（p=0.38）。血浆总胆固醇也观察到类似结果。高PUFA和SAFA饮食在任何一个CETP基因型组中均未显著改变血浆高密度脂蛋白（HDL）浓度。根据载脂蛋白E基因型（E3E3与E4+）和脂蛋白脂肪酶基因型（S447X），反应情况也相似。
本研究结果不支持先前认为CETP基因型可预测血浆LDL-胆固醇对饮食反应的研究。改变膳食脂肪性质时，CETP基因型不会显著影响血浆总胆固醇和LDL-胆固醇浓度的变化。这些数据表明，与饮食干预的效果相比，遗传因素对总胆固醇和LDL-胆固醇的影响可能相对较小。
