Sullivan R
Department of Physiology, University College London, England.
J R Soc Med. 1996 Aug;89(8):467-73. doi: 10.1177/014107689608900813.
That a well-developed and hierarchical medical profession existed in Pharaonic Egypt is without doubt. What is a matter of contention is the existence of a recognizable surgical profession, or even of the practice of surgery by medically qualified personnel. Palaeorchaeological specimens that demonstrate some form of surgical procedure are rare. Medical papyri and the treatises of the historians of antiquity provide a far more reliable source of information on surgical practice. They have indicated possible titles for surgeons, and the types of instruments used.
毫无疑问，在法老时代的埃及存在着一个发达且等级分明的医学职业。存在一个可识别的外科职业，甚至存在由具备医学资质的人员实施外科手术，这是一个有争议的问题。能证明某种外科手术形式的古考古标本很罕见。医学纸莎草文献和古代历史学家的论著提供了关于外科手术实践的更可靠信息来源。它们指出了外科医生可能的头衔以及所使用的器械类型。
