La Grenade L
Department of Medicine, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996;13 Suppl 1:S46-9. doi: 10.1097/00042560-199600001-00009.
Infective dermatitis (ID) of Jamaican children, a distinctive pattern of dermatitis first described in Jamaican children in 1966 was found to be associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection in 1990. Since then, ID has been reported from other HTLV-I endemic areas. Further studies have confirmed the HTLV-I association and have demonstrated immunologic abnormalities in cellular and humoral immune systems as well as at the subcellular level. Viral genome has been detected in cultured skin biopsy material, and genetic factors may predispose people to the development of ID. Transmission of HTLV-I infection in ID appears to be from mother to infant via breast milk. Present therapy is with long-term antibiotics to control bacterial infection and hence the dermatitis. Complications are frequent and include crusted scabies, corneal opacities, chronic bronchiectasis, parasitic worm infestation, early death, and progression to more severe HTLV-I-associated disorders such as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. Future studies are planned to determine the precise immunologic defect, the role of socioeconomic and nutritional factors, and the natural history. Intervention studies to limit breast feeding and hence HTLV-I transmission are also planned.
牙买加儿童感染性皮炎（ID）是一种独特的皮炎类型，于1966年首次在牙买加儿童中被描述，1990年发现其与I型人类嗜T细胞病毒（HTLV-I）感染有关。从那时起，其他HTLV-I流行地区也报告了ID。进一步的研究证实了HTLV-I与ID的关联，并在细胞和体液免疫系统以及亚细胞水平上证明了免疫异常。在培养的皮肤活检材料中检测到了病毒基因组，遗传因素可能使人们易患ID。ID中HTLV-I感染的传播似乎是通过母乳从母亲传给婴儿。目前的治疗方法是使用长期抗生素来控制细菌感染，从而控制皮炎。并发症很常见，包括结痂性疥疮、角膜混浊、慢性支气管扩张、寄生虫感染、早死以及进展为更严重的HTLV-I相关疾病，如成人T细胞白血病/淋巴瘤和HTLV-I相关脊髓病/热带痉挛性截瘫。计划开展进一步研究以确定确切的免疫缺陷、社会经济和营养因素的作用以及自然病程。还计划开展干预研究以限制母乳喂养，从而限制HTLV-I的传播。
