Paré D A
Department of Educational Psychology, University of Alberta, Canada.
Fam Process. 1996 Mar;35(1):21-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1545-5300.1996.00021.x.
This essay proposes that a family therapy founded on a contemporary, postmodern perspective demands an expanded range of metaphors for the family and the work of therapy. It describes a perspective that emphasizes a view of the family as a culture, as opposed to a system. A cultural perspective naturally addresses issues of meaning and language, narrative, politics, and practices of power-critical contemporary concerns not adequately encompassed by traditional systemic formulations. The essay explores the relationship between theory and metaphor, and contrasts the views of persons and of the family offered by the metaphors of culture and system. Case illustrations demonstrate how a cultural view effectively fashions an expanded therapeutic discourse, shifting the focus of family therapy from normative prescriptions for family "functionality" to issues of intercultural harmony. This shift in emphasis also extends to individual work, where the therapeutic task is construed as a peace-making between conflicting stories that intersect in the client's life.
本文提出，基于当代后现代视角的家庭治疗需要一系列更为广泛的隐喻来理解家庭以及治疗工作。它描述了一种强调将家庭视为一种文化而非一个系统的视角。文化视角自然地涉及意义与语言、叙事、政治以及权力实践等问题——这些都是当代至关重要的关注点，而传统的系统理论并未充分涵盖。本文探讨了理论与隐喻之间的关系，并对比了文化和系统隐喻所提供的关于个人和家庭的观点。案例说明展示了文化视角如何有效地构建一种扩展的治疗话语，将家庭治疗的焦点从对家庭“功能”的规范性规定转向跨文化和谐问题。这种重点的转变也延伸到个体治疗工作中，在个体治疗中，治疗任务被理解为在客户生活中相互交叉的冲突故事之间进行调解。
