Lofstedt J, Miller L, Duizer G, Daley J
Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown.
Can J Vet Res. 1996 Jul;60(3):210-5.
A study was conducted to compare the efficacy of sulbactam: ampicillin (SAMP) (3.3:6.6 mg/kg body weight (BW), IM, q24 h) to that of ampicillin trihydrate (AMP) (6 mg/kg BW, IM, q24 h) and 0.9% saline (SAL) (3 mL IM, q24 h) for the treatment of diarrhea in calves induced by oral inoculation with Escherichia coli strain B44 (O9:K30:K99:H-). Treatment was initiated when severe diarrhea was noted (T0) and continued for at least 3 d; or for 24 h after clinical signs resolved; or for a maximum duration of 7 d. Starting at T0, calves were examined twice daily: appetite; rectal temperature (TEMP); and fecal consistency (FECAL), mental status (ATTD), eye position (EYE), and skin elasticity (SKIN) scores were recorded. Feces collected at T0 were submitted for bacteriology, electron microscopy, and parasitology. A complete blood count was performed at T0 and T3 (24 h after third treatment). Severely dehydrated, depressed, and anorexic calves were euthanized and considered mortalities. Cause of death was determined by post mortem examination. A total of 30 calves were included in the study. Three calves were excluded from final analysis. E. coli strain B44 was cultured from feces of all calves at T0. At T2 (24 h after second treatment) mean TEMP of SAMP calves was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than mean TEMP of SAL calves; EYE and SKIN scores of SAMP calves were significantly lower (P < alpha beta = 0.025) than those of SAL and AMP calves; and ATTD and FECAL scores of SAMP calves were significantly lower (P < alpha beta = 0.025) than in SAL calves. At T3, SAMP calves had significantly lower (P < 0.05) mean hematocrit than SAL calves and lower mean total plasma protein concentration than AMP and SAL calves. Mean fibrinogen concentration in SAMP calves at T3 was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that of calves receiving either SAL or AMP. The number of surviving SAMP calves (10/10) was significantly higher (P < alpha beta = 0.025) than the number of surviving SAL calves (2/9), but not significantly different from the surviving AMP calves (3/8).
进行了一项研究，以比较舒巴坦：氨苄西林（SAMP）（3.3:6.6毫克/千克体重（BW），肌肉注射，每24小时一次）与三水合氨苄西林（AMP）（6毫克/千克体重，肌肉注射，每24小时一次）和0.9%生理盐水（SAL）（3毫升肌肉注射，每24小时一次）治疗口服接种大肠杆菌B44株（O9:K30:K99:H-）诱导的犊牛腹泻的疗效。当观察到严重腹泻时（T0）开始治疗，并持续至少3天；或临床症状消失后持续24小时；或最长持续7天。从T0开始，每天对犊牛检查两次：记录食欲、直肠温度（TEMP）、粪便稠度（FECAL）、精神状态（ATTD）、眼睛位置（EYE）和皮肤弹性（SKIN）评分。在T0收集的粪便用于细菌学、电子显微镜检查和寄生虫学检查。在T0和T3（第三次治疗后24小时）进行全血细胞计数。严重脱水、抑郁和厌食的犊牛实施安乐死并视为死亡。通过尸检确定死亡原因。共有30头犊牛纳入该研究。三头犊牛被排除在最终分析之外。在T0时，所有犊牛的粪便中均培养出大肠杆菌B44株。在T2（第二次治疗后24小时），SAMP组犊牛的平均TEMP显著高于SAL组犊牛（P < 0.05）；SAMP组犊牛的EYE和SKIN评分显著低于SAL组和AMP组犊牛（P < αβ = 0.025）；SAMP组犊牛的ATTD和FECAL评分显著低于SAL组犊牛（P < αβ = 0.025）。在T3时，SAMP组犊牛的平均血细胞比容显著低于SAL组犊牛，平均总血浆蛋白浓度低于AMP组和SAL组犊牛。T3时SAMP组犊牛的平均纤维蛋白原浓度显著低于接受SAL或AMP治疗的犊牛（P < 0.05）。存活的SAMP组犊牛数量（10/10）显著高于存活的SAL组犊牛数量（2/9）（P < αβ = 0.025），但与存活的AMP组犊牛数量（3/8）无显著差异。
