White D G, Johnson C K, Cracknell V
Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire.
Vet Rec. 1998 Sep 5;143(10):273-6. doi: 10.1136/vr.143.10.273.
Thirty-eight, one- to two-week-old calves with experimentally induced Escherichia coli diarrhoea were randomly assigned to three treatment groups. Two groups of 15 calves were treated intramuscularly once daily for three days with either danofloxacin mesylate at 1.25 mg/kg bodyweight, or with baquiloprim/sulphadimidine as a positive control (10 mg of combined active ingredient/kg); eight calves were treated with 0.9 per cent sodium chloride solution as a negative control (1 ml/20 kg). Faecal consistency, demeanour, hydration status, appetite and bodyweight were monitored before, during, and for four days after treatment by an investigator unaware of the animals' treatment. Before treatment, the clinical, biochemical, and faecal indices were similar among the groups. By 24 hours after treatment began, the proportion of observations of faeces recorded as of normal consistency was highest in the danofloxacin-treated group (26 of 60), compared with 16 of 60 in the baquiloprim/sulphadimidine treated groups and four of 32 in the control group. The proportion of calves with a normal demeanour was highest in the danofloxacin-treated group at all the evaluations and these calves gained significantly (P < 0.05) more weight (1.6 [0.27] kg) than the calves treated with baquiloprim/sulphadimidine (0.67 [0.36] kg). The calves in the danofloxacin-treated group maintained relatively normal blood pH values, whereas the calves in the control group became progressively acidotic. By the end of treatment, the mean bicarbonate concentration was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the danofloxacin-treated calves than in the control group. The pH of the calves in the baquiloprim/sulphadimidine-treated group changed little during treatment, but by three days after the last treatment their mean pH had dropped to the level of the calves in the control group. The mean bicarbonate concentration of the baquiloprim/sulphadimidine-treated calves, like that of the danofloxacin-treated calves, was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of the calves in the control group.
38头1至2周龄经实验诱导感染大肠杆菌腹泻的犊牛被随机分为三个治疗组。两组各15头犊牛，连续三天每天一次肌肉注射，一组注射1.25毫克/千克体重的甲磺酸达氟沙星，另一组注射巴喹普明/磺胺二甲嘧啶作为阳性对照（10毫克活性成分组合/千克）；8头犊牛注射0.9%氯化钠溶液作为阴性对照（1毫升/20千克）。由不了解动物治疗情况的研究人员在治疗前、治疗期间以及治疗后四天监测粪便稠度、行为表现、水合状态、食欲和体重。治疗前，各组的临床、生化和粪便指标相似。治疗开始后24小时，记录为正常稠度粪便的观察比例在甲磺酸达氟沙星治疗组最高（60次观察中有26次），相比之下，巴喹普明/磺胺二甲嘧啶治疗组为60次观察中有16次，对照组为32次观察中有4次。在所有评估中，甲磺酸达氟沙星治疗组行为表现正常的犊牛比例最高，且这些犊牛体重显著增加（P < 0.05）（增加1.6 [0.27]千克），高于巴喹普明/磺胺二甲嘧啶治疗的犊牛（增加0.67 [0.36]千克）。甲磺酸达氟沙星治疗组的犊牛维持相对正常的血液pH值，而对照组的犊牛逐渐酸中毒。治疗结束时，甲磺酸达氟沙星治疗的犊牛平均碳酸氢盐浓度显著高于对照组（P < 0.05）。巴喹普明/磺胺二甲嘧啶治疗组犊牛的pH值在治疗期间变化不大，但在最后一次治疗后三天，其平均pH值降至对照组犊牛的水平。巴喹普明/磺胺二甲嘧啶治疗的犊牛平均碳酸氢盐浓度与甲磺酸达氟沙星治疗的犊牛一样，显著高于对照组犊牛（P < 0.05）。
