Layne K S, Goh Y K, Jumpsen J A, Ryan E A, Chow P, Clandinin M T
Nutrition and Metabolism Research Group, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
J Nutr. 1996 Sep;126(9):2130-40. doi: 10.1093/jn/126.9.2130.
The study assessed the effect of low doses of fatty acids from fish or flaxseed oil on plasma lipid concentrations in normal humans consuming diets with either high (0.87, n = 11) or low (0.48, n = 15) dietary polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid (P/S) ratios. The dose of (n-3) fatty acids reflected an (n-3) intake that could easily be attained by selection of foods in a normal diet. The individuals were initially supplemented with olive oil [35 mg 18:1/(kg body weight.d)], and then were randomly assigned to either flaxseed or fish oil [35 mg 18:3(n-3) or 35 mg 20:5(n-3) + 22:6(n-3)/(kg body weight.d), respectively] treatments. Participants consumed each oil supplement for 3 mo. Blood samples were drawn for analysis at the end of each 3-mo period. Plasma triacylglycerol, total, LDL and HDL cholesterol concentrations, and lipoprotein fatty acid concentrations are shown. Fish oil reduced plasma triacylglycerol and increased lipoprotein levels of 20:5(n-3) and 22:6(n-3). The flaxseed oil did not alter plasma triacylglycerol level and produced small changes in 20:5(n-3) and 22:6(n-3) concentrations. Total, LDL and HDL cholesterol levels were not affected by either (n-3) fatty acid. Significant differences in plasma triacylglycerol concentrations and total and LDL cholesterol levels were found between the two dietary P/S groups after all oil treatment periods. Levels of 18:3(n-3), 20:4(n-6), 20:5(n-3), and 22:6(n-3) in LDL were also different in high vs. low dietary P/S groups for all oil treatments and in the VLDL for the olive oil and fish oil supplementation. This study indicates that low intake of purified fish oil induces changes in plasma triacylglycerol, 20:5(n-3) levels in VLDL, LDL, and HDL, and 22:6(n-3) levels in LDL and HDL that are apparent after 3 mo and which might influence atherogenicity of lipoprotein particles in normal free-living individuals.
该研究评估了低剂量的鱼类或亚麻籽油脂肪酸对正常饮食中多不饱和/饱和脂肪酸（P/S）比值高（0.87，n = 11）或低（0.48，n = 15）的人群血浆脂质浓度的影响。（n-3）脂肪酸的剂量反映了通过正常饮食选择食物很容易达到的（n-3）摄入量。个体最初补充橄榄油[35毫克18:1/（千克体重·天）]，然后随机分配到亚麻籽或鱼油组[分别为35毫克18:3（n-3）或35毫克20:5（n-3）+ 22:6（n-3）/（千克体重·天）]进行治疗。参与者每种油补充剂服用3个月。在每个3个月周期结束时采集血样进行分析。展示了血浆三酰甘油、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度以及脂蛋白脂肪酸浓度。鱼油降低了血浆三酰甘油，并增加了20:5（n-3）和22:6（n-3）的脂蛋白水平。亚麻籽油未改变血浆三酰甘油水平，且20:5（n-3）和22:6（n-3）浓度有小的变化。总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平均不受（n-3）脂肪酸影响。在所有油治疗期后，两个饮食P/S组之间血浆三酰甘油浓度以及总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平存在显著差异。在所有油治疗中，高饮食P/S组与低饮食P/S组的低密度脂蛋白中18:3（n-3）、20:4（n-6）、20:5（n-3）和22:6（n-3）水平不同，在补充橄榄油和鱼油的极低密度脂蛋白中也不同。这项研究表明，低剂量的纯化鱼油摄入会引起血浆三酰甘油、极低密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白和高密度脂蛋白中20:5（n-3）水平以及低密度脂蛋白和高密度脂蛋白中22:6（n-3）水平的变化，这些变化在3个月后明显，可能会影响正常自由生活个体中脂蛋白颗粒的动脉粥样硬化性。
