Dresner-Pollak R, Ginsberg G, Cohen A, Stessman J
Department of Internal Medicine, Hadassah University Hospital, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel.
Isr J Med Sci. 1996 Aug;32(8):625-8.
Falling is a serious and common problem among the elderly and may result in injury and functional deterioration. The characteristics and risk factors for falling were studied in a cross-sectional study of a cohort of 70-year-old community-dwelling Jewish elderly in Jerusalem. The cohort was found to be representative of the total 70-year-old population of Jerusalem by virtue of having similar hospitalization and mortality rates. Around 28.2% of the cohort reported falling during the past year. Women were more likely than men to have fallen during the past year (39 vs. 19%; P < 0.001). Falls occurred mainly outside of the home, resulting in fractures in 8.4% of persons who fell, all of them women. A female gender, low visual efficiency, poor self-reported general health status, low serum hemoglobin levels, and low lymphocyte counts were associated with a higher incidence of falls. There was no relationship between the pattern of pharmaceutic drug use or utilization of health care services and the risk of falling. We conclude that among the younger elderly, characteristics of falls and risk factors may be different from those in the older elderly.
跌倒在老年人中是一个严重且常见的问题，可能导致受伤和功能衰退。在一项针对耶路撒冷70岁社区居住犹太老年人队列的横断面研究中，对跌倒的特征和风险因素进行了研究。由于该队列的住院率和死亡率与耶路撒冷70岁总人口相似，因此被认为具有代表性。在过去一年中，约28.2%的队列报告有跌倒情况。过去一年中，女性比男性更易跌倒（39%对19%；P<0.001）。跌倒主要发生在家外，8.4%跌倒者发生骨折，均为女性。女性性别、低视觉效率、自我报告的总体健康状况差、血清血红蛋白水平低和淋巴细胞计数低与跌倒发生率较高相关。药物使用模式或医疗服务利用情况与跌倒风险之间没有关系。我们得出结论，在较年轻的老年人中，跌倒特征和风险因素可能与较年长的老年人不同。
