Raskin L, Zheng D, Griffin M E, Stroot P G, Misra P
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 61801, USA.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1995 Nov;68(4):297-308. doi: 10.1007/BF00874140.
The microbial community structure of twenty-one single-phase and one two-phase full-scale anaerobic sewage sludge digesters was evaluated using oligonucleotide probes complementary to conserved tracts of the 16S rRNAs of phylogenetically defined groups of methanogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria. These probe results were interpreted in combination with results from traditional chemical analyses and metabolic activity assays. It was determined that methanogens in "healthy" mesophilic, single-phase sewage sludge digesters accounted for approximately 8-12% of the total community and that Methanosarcinales and Methanomicrobiales constituted the majority of the total methanogen population. Methanobacteriales and Methanococcales played a relatively minor role in the digesters. Phylogenetic groups of mesophilic, Gram-negative sulfate-reducing bacteria were consistently present at significant levels: Desulfovibrio and Desulfobulbus spp. were the dominant sulfate-reducing populations, Desulfobacter and Desulfobacterium spp. were present at lower levels, and Desulfosarcina, Desulfococcus, and Desulfobotulus spp. were absent. Sulfate reduction by one or more of these populations played a significant role in all digesters evaluated in this study. In addition, sulfate-reducing bacteria played a role in favoring methanogenesis by providing their substrates. The analysis of the two-phase digester indicated that true phase separation was not accomplished: significant levels of active methanogens were present in the first phase. It was determined that the dominant populations in the second phase were different from those in the single-phase digesters.
使用与系统发育定义的产甲烷菌和硫酸盐还原细菌组的16S rRNA保守序列互补的寡核苷酸探针，评估了21个单相和1个两相全规模厌氧污水污泥消化器的微生物群落结构。这些探针结果与传统化学分析和代谢活性测定结果相结合进行解释。结果表明，“健康”的嗜温单相污水污泥消化器中产甲烷菌约占总群落的8%-12%，其中甲烷八叠球菌目和甲烷微菌目构成了产甲烷菌总数的大部分。甲烷杆菌目和甲烷球菌目在消化器中发挥的作用相对较小。嗜温革兰氏阴性硫酸盐还原细菌的系统发育组始终以显著水平存在：脱硫弧菌属和脱硫球茎菌属是主要的硫酸盐还原菌群，脱硫杆菌属和脱硫单胞菌属存在水平较低，脱硫八叠球菌属、脱硫球菌属和脱硫小瓶菌属不存在。在本研究评估的所有消化器中，这些菌群中的一种或多种进行的硫酸盐还原发挥了重要作用。此外，硫酸盐还原细菌通过提供底物在促进产甲烷方面发挥了作用。对两相消化器的分析表明，真正的相分离并未实现：第一相中存在大量活跃的产甲烷菌。结果确定，第二相中的优势菌群与单相消化器中的不同。
