Hovey J D, King C A
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-1109, USA.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996 Sep;35(9):1183-92. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199609000-00016.
(1) To determine the relationship between acculturative stress, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation in a sample of immigrant and second-generation Latino-American adolescents, and (2) to determine the best predictors of acculturative stress and depressive symptoms.
Subjects were 40 female and 30 male students from a bilingual program in a southern California high school. Measures used were the Short Acculturation Scale for Hispanics, the SAFE acculturative stress measure, the Family Assessment Device, the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale, the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire-Junior, and an open-ended question measuring individual attitudes and expectations toward the future. A cross-sectional design was used.
One fourth of the adolescents reported critical levels of depression and suicidal ideation, which were positively correlated with acculturative stress. Multiple regression analyses revealed that perceived family dysfunction and nonpositive "expectations for the future" were significant predictors of acculturative stress and depression.
Results suggest that some acculturating Latino adolescents experience high levels of acculturative stress. These adolescents are also "at risk" for experiencing critical levels of depression and suicidal ideation. Findings highlight the importance of assessing the treating the depressed and potentially suicidal acculturating adolescent within a cultural context.
（1）确定移民及第二代拉丁裔美国青少年样本中文化适应压力、抑郁症状和自杀意念之间的关系，以及（2）确定文化适应压力和抑郁症状的最佳预测因素。
研究对象为南加州一所高中双语项目中的40名女生和30名男生。使用的测量工具包括西班牙裔简短文化适应量表、SAFE文化适应压力测量量表、家庭评估工具、雷诺兹青少年抑郁量表、青少年自杀意念问卷以及一个测量个人对未来态度和期望的开放式问题。采用横断面设计。
四分之一的青少年报告有严重的抑郁和自杀意念，且与文化适应压力呈正相关。多元回归分析显示，感知到的家庭功能失调和对未来的消极“期望”是文化适应压力和抑郁的重要预测因素。
结果表明，一些正在适应文化的拉丁裔青少年经历着高水平的文化适应压力。这些青少年也“面临风险”，可能会出现严重的抑郁和自杀意念。研究结果凸显了在文化背景下评估和治疗抑郁及有潜在自杀倾向的文化适应青少年的重要性。
