Taylor E, Chadwick O, Heptinstall E, Danckaerts M
Child Psychiatry Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, de Crespigny Park, London, U.K.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996 Sep;35(9):1213-26. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199609000-00019.
To clarify the developmental risk associated with hyperactive behavior, especially the relationship between hyperactive and conduct problems, in a longitudinal epidemiological design.
A follow-up study of children who were identified, by parent and teacher ratings in a large community survey of 6- and 7-year-olds, as showing pervasive hyperactivity or conduct problems or the comorbid mixture of both problems or neither problem. They were later investigated, at the age of 16 to 18 years, with detailed interview techniques as well as parental and self-report ratings and cognitive tests.
Hyperactivity was a risk factor for later development, even allowing for the coexistence of conduct problems. Its sequelae included a high likelihood of psychiatric diagnosis, persisting hyperactivity, violence and other antisocial behaviors, and social and peer problems.
The results suggested a developmental pathway through which hyperactivity raised the likelihood of impaired social adjustment, including the development of psychiatric disorders, independently of the existence of conduct problems.
在纵向流行病学设计中，阐明与多动行为相关的发育风险，尤其是多动与品行问题之间的关系。
对在一项针对6至7岁儿童的大型社区调查中，经家长和教师评定被认定为表现出普遍多动或品行问题、或两者并存、或两者均无的儿童进行随访研究。随后在他们16至18岁时，采用详细的访谈技巧以及家长报告、自我报告评定和认知测试对其进行调查。
即使存在品行问题，多动仍是后期发育的一个风险因素。其后果包括高概率的精神疾病诊断、持续多动、暴力及其他反社会行为，以及社交和同伴问题。
结果表明存在一条发育途径，通过该途径，多动会增加社会适应受损的可能性，包括精神疾病的发展，且独立于品行问题的存在。
