Labianca D A, Simpson G
Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College of The City University of New York, Brooklyn, USA.
Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem. 1996 Feb;34(2):111-7. doi: 10.1515/cclm.1996.34.2.111.
The statistical analysis of non-transformed and logarithm-transformed blood- to breath-alcohol ratios ("blood/breath ratios") is detailed. The data analyzed were derived from 137 simultaneous blood-alcohol and breath-alcohol concentration measurements made between 15 and 179 min after the end of drinking, with 136 of the measurements obtained during the 15- to 124-min time frame. Although the distribution of the non-transformed ratios is positively skewed, and that of the logarithm-transformed data more closely approximates the normal distribution upon visual inspection, both analyses generated results that do not differ significantly from each other when considered in the context of "mean ratios + or - 2SD". This is in accord with the results of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit test, which does not reject either dataset and demonstrates that both are approximately normal. Since the logarithm-transformed data generate more conservative statistical blood/breath ratio ranges than the non-transformed data, they were selected as the basis for the principal conclusion of this work. That conclusion is a refutation of the argument that, breath-alcohol analyzers relying on a 2100:1 blood/breath ratio tend to underestimate the blood-alcohol concentrations of driving-while-intoxicated arrestees because the commonly accepted mean postabsorptive ratio is 2300:1. In fact, whenever the absorption status of a driving-while-intoxicated arrestee at the time of a breath test cannot be definitively established, the results of this work support the application of a relative error range of -40% to +28% for 95% of the population, based on a statistical blood/breath ratio range of 1259:1 to 2679:1, and -46% to +42% for 99% of the population, based on a statistical range of 1128:1 to 2989:1.
本文详细介绍了对未转换和对数转换后的血液与呼出气体酒精含量比（“血/气比”）的统计分析。所分析的数据来自于饮酒结束后15至179分钟内同时进行的137次血液酒精浓度和呼出气体酒精浓度测量，其中136次测量是在15至124分钟的时间范围内获得的。尽管未转换比值的分布呈正偏态，而对数转换后的数据在视觉检查时更接近正态分布，但在“平均比值±2标准差”的背景下考虑时，两种分析产生的结果彼此之间没有显著差异。这与柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米尔诺夫拟合优度检验的结果一致，该检验未拒绝任何一个数据集，并表明两者都近似正态。由于对数转换后的数据产生的统计血/气比范围比未转换的数据更保守，因此它们被选为本研究主要结论的基础。该结论反驳了这样一种观点，即依赖2100:1血/气比的呼出气体酒精分析仪往往会低估醉酒驾车被捕者的血液酒精浓度，因为公认的吸收后平均比值为2300:1。事实上，每当无法明确确定呼气测试时醉酒驾车被捕者的吸收状态时，基于1259:1至2679:1的统计血/气比范围，本研究结果支持对95%的人群应用-40%至+28%的相对误差范围；基于1128:1至2989:1的统计范围，对99%的人群应用-46%至+42%的相对误差范围。
