Monto A S, Ross H
Br J Prev Soc Med. 1977 Jun;31(2):101-8. doi: 10.1136/jech.31.2.101.
Respiratory illness and infection was studied in the community of Tecumseh, Michigan, USA, during a six-year period. Acute illness was ascertained by making weekly telephone calls, and prevalent agents were identified by microbial isolation. Infection rates were determined serologically using blood specimens collected routinely at six monthly intervals from those reported to be ill. Illness rates were higher in the youngest children of families up to the age of three years than for the oldest children of the same ages. Above the age of three, the pattern was reversed. Among the adults, rates of illness were shown to relate not only to the presence, but also to the age of children in the home. Throughout this comparison, women were more likely to be ill than men in the same groups. Smoking in itself was not related to increased acute respiratory illnesses, but persons with symptoms of chronic bronchitis were found to have higher illness rates independently of whether they smoked.
在美国密歇根州蒂康赛社区，对呼吸道疾病和感染进行了为期六年的研究。通过每周打电话来确定急性疾病，并通过微生物分离来识别流行病原体。使用从报告患病者那里每隔六个月定期采集的血液标本进行血清学检测来确定感染率。三岁以下家庭中最小的孩子的发病率高于同年龄段最大的孩子。三岁以上，这种模式则相反。在成年人中，发病率不仅与家中孩子的存在有关，还与孩子的年龄有关。在整个比较过程中，同组中女性比男性更容易患病。吸烟本身与急性呼吸道疾病增加无关，但发现患有慢性支气管炎症状的人无论是否吸烟都有较高的发病率。
