Henderson S, Bostock T
Br J Psychiatry. 1977 Jul;131:15-20. doi: 10.1192/bjp.131.1.15.
A description is given of the coping behaviour of seven men who survived a shipwreck and were not rescued until 13 days later. The principal behaviours shown by the men were attachment ideation, drive to survive, modelling, prayer and hope. Particular attention is paid to the first of these, and consideration given to its likely origins in behavioural evolution. It is proposed as a hitherto inadequately recognized coping behaviour. A follow-up examination 12 to 24 months later showed that five of the seven men available had developed substantial psychiatric disorder, while by contrast one was not only well but claimed to have been enriched by the experience. Exposure to extreme adversity or disaster may have long-term effects on mental health. Further longitudinal studies of disaster victims are necessary for the design of informed after-care.
本文描述了七名在海难中幸存的男子的应对行为，他们直到13天后才获救。这些男子表现出的主要行为包括依恋意念、求生欲望、模仿、祈祷和希望。本文特别关注了其中的第一种行为，并探讨了其在行为进化中可能的起源。它被认为是一种迄今未得到充分认识的应对行为。在12至24个月后的随访检查中发现，七名接受检查的男子中有五人出现了严重的精神障碍，相比之下，有一人不仅状况良好，还声称这段经历让他有所收获。暴露于极端逆境或灾难中可能会对心理健康产生长期影响。为了设计合理的后续护理方案，有必要对灾难受害者进行进一步的纵向研究。
