Spetch M L, Cheng K, MacDonald S E
Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
J Comp Psychol. 1996 Mar;110(1):55-68. doi: 10.1037/0735-7036.110.1.55.
Pigeons and humans searched on a touch-screen monitor for an unmarked goal located relative to an array of landmarks presented in varied screen locations. After training with the goal centered in various square arrays of 4 landmarks, humans, but not pigeons, transferred accurately to arrays with novel elements. Humans searched in the middle of expanded arrays, whereas pigeons preserved the distance and direction to a single landmark. When trained with the goal centered below 2 identical horizontally aligned landmarks, humans responded to horizontal expansions or contractions of the array by shifting their search vertically, preserving angles from landmarks to goal. Pigeons did not adjust their search vertically. Humans trained with a single landmark adjusted search distance when landmark size was changed. Both pigeons and humans use the configuration of a landmark array, but the underlying processes seem to differ.
鸽子和人类在触摸屏显示器上搜索一个未标记的目标，该目标相对于呈现于屏幕不同位置的一系列地标而定位。在用目标位于由4个地标组成的各种方形阵列中心进行训练后，人类能够准确地转移到具有新元素的阵列，而鸽子则不能。人类在扩展阵列的中间进行搜索，而鸽子则保持到单个地标的距离和方向。当用目标位于2个水平对齐的相同地标下方进行训练时，人类通过垂直移动搜索来响应阵列的水平扩展或收缩，保持从地标到目标的角度。鸽子不会垂直调整它们的搜索。用单个地标进行训练的人类在地标大小改变时会调整搜索距离。鸽子和人类都使用地标阵列的配置，但潜在过程似乎不同。
