Raab W
Int J Clin Pharmacol Biopharm. 1977 Feb;15(2):90-7.
After some introductory remarks on the pathogenetic mechanisms of acute undesirable reactions following the administration of antibiotics, the incidence of vascular shock (anaphylactic shock, anaphylactoid shock) is discussed. Investigations were performed to obtain information on the sensitizing capacity of erythromycin and clindamycin in rats and guinea pigs. Although maximation procedures were used, no sensitization could be obtained, in contrast to similar series with penicillin and sulfonamides. In another experimental series, the anaphylactoid properties of erythromycin and clindamycin were studied in vitro. The dye-kick-off test and the mast-cell-degranulation test were used. No pronounced anaphylactoid activity, either of the cellular or of the humoral type, was found in the two antibiotics investigated. The results of the animal experiments and the experiments in vitro are in good accordance with clinical experience: erythromycin and clindamycin rank among the safest antibiotics with regard to the elicitation of acute undesirable actions.
在对使用抗生素后急性不良反应的发病机制做了一些介绍性评论后，讨论了血管性休克（过敏性休克、类过敏性休克）的发生率。开展了调查以获取关于红霉素和克林霉素在大鼠和豚鼠中的致敏能力的信息。尽管采用了最大剂量程序，但与青霉素和磺胺类药物的类似系列实验不同，未获得致敏结果。在另一个实验系列中，在体外研究了红霉素和克林霉素的类过敏特性。使用了染料释放试验和肥大细胞脱颗粒试验。在所研究的两种抗生素中，未发现明显的细胞型或体液型类过敏活性。动物实验和体外实验的结果与临床经验高度一致：就引发急性不良反应而言，红霉素和克林霉素属于最安全的抗生素。
