A comparison of two oral ketamine-diazepam regimens for sedating anxious pediatric dental patients.

This double-blind, crossover study assessed physiology and behaviour following administration of two oral ketamine-diazepam sedation regimens (4 mg/kg and 8 mg/ kg ketamine in conjunction with 0.1 mg/kg diazepam). Clinical success was achieved in 50% of sedations with 4 mg/kg and 78% of sedations with 8 mg/kg with no significant differences between the two regimens (Fisher's exact test). Within the crossover group, clinical success was achieved in 56% of sedations with 4 mg/kg and 87% of sedations with 8 mg/kg with no significant differences between the two regimens (Fisher's exact). Although clinically insignificant, ANOVA revealed statistical elevations in blood pressures and heart rates and decreases in oxygen saturations (P < 0.05). The 4-mg/kg regimen resulted in more negative behavior and less sleep. The 8-mg/kg regimen resulted in less negative behavior and more sleep.