Sarkkinen E, Schwab U, Niskanen L, Hannuksela M, Savolainen M, Kervinen K, Kesäniemi A, Uusitupa M I
Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Kuopio, Finland.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1996 Sep;50(9):592-8.
The effects of a high-fat, monounsaturated-fat enriched (Mono) diet and a reduced-fat, polyunsaturated-fat enriched (Poly) diet on lipid and glucose metabolism were compared in 31 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance.
After 3 weeks on a Run-in diet (37; 18:11:5, indicating energy percentages from total fat; saturated:monounsaturated:polyunsaturated fatty acids in the actual diets) subjects were randomized into a Poly-diet (34; 11:10:10) or a Mono-diet (40; 11:19:8) for 8 weeks.
In the Mono group fasting plasma glucose (mean +/- SD) was lower after the test diet than after the run-in period (6.4 +/- 1.3 vs 6.0 +/- 0.8 mmol/L, 0 vs 8 weeks, P = 0.008), but remained unchanged in the Poly group (6.2 +/- 0.6 vs 6.1 +/- 0.7 mmol/L). Glucose effectiveness (SG), insulin sensitivity index and the first phase insulin response in an intravenous glucose tolerance test did not change significantly during either of the diets, but at the end of the study SG was higher in the Mono group than in the Poly group (P = 0.013). Serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B decreased in the Mono group, while in the Poly group only serum total cholesterol decreased significantly. However, the mean changes in serum lipids and lipoproteins did not differ significantly between the groups.
In free-living subjects with impaired glucose tolerance both the Mono-diet and the Poly-diet consumed after a saturated-fat enriched Run-in diet improved serum lipid profile and the Mono-diet seemed to improve glucose metabolism as well.
在31例糖耐量受损的受试者中，比较了高脂、富含单不饱和脂肪（Mono）饮食和低脂、富含多不饱和脂肪（Poly）饮食对脂质和葡萄糖代谢的影响。
在进行3周的适应期饮食（37；18:11:5，表明实际饮食中总脂肪、饱和脂肪酸：单不饱和脂肪酸：多不饱和脂肪酸的能量百分比）后，将受试者随机分为Poly饮食组（34；11:10:10）或Mono饮食组（40；11:19:8），为期8周。
在Mono组中，试验饮食后的空腹血糖（均值±标准差）低于适应期（6.4±1.3对6.0±0.8 mmol/L，0对8周，P = 0.008），但在Poly组中保持不变（6.2±0.6对6.1±0.7 mmol/L）。在两种饮食期间，静脉葡萄糖耐量试验中的葡萄糖效能（SG）、胰岛素敏感性指数和第一阶段胰岛素反应均无显著变化，但在研究结束时，Mono组的SG高于Poly组（P = 0.013）。Mono组的血清总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和载脂蛋白B降低，而在Poly组中只有血清总胆固醇显著降低。然而，两组之间血清脂质和脂蛋白的平均变化无显著差异。
在糖耐量受损的自由生活受试者中，在富含饱和脂肪的适应期饮食后摄入的Mono饮食和Poly饮食均改善了血清脂质谱，并且Mono饮食似乎也改善了葡萄糖代谢。
