Wu H Y, Nikolova E B, Beagley K W, Russell M W
Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294-2170, USA.
Immunology. 1996 Aug;88(4):493-500. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2567.1996.d01-690.x.
Intranasal (i.n.) immunization is an effective route for inducing mucosal immune responses especially in the upper respiratory tract and mouth. To characterize the cells involved in these responses, nasal lymphoid tissue (NALT; considered to be the equivalent of Waldeyer's ring in humans) of normal mice, and of mice immunized intranasally with a bacterial protein antigen conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit, was isolated and the lymphoid cells analysed according to surface phenotype, immunoglobulin and antibody secretion, and cytokine profile. Compared with cells obtained from Peyer's patches (PP), NALT cells contained a higher proportion of T cells, especially naive (CD45RB+hi) T-helper cells, and fewer surface (s)IgA+ cells. Both tissues contained high proportions of sIgM+ IgD+ unswitched B cells. After i.n. immunization, IgA antibody-secreting cells were increased, indicating that isotype switching and differentiation of B cells to IgA-secreting cells occurred in NALT, whereas smaller numbers of antibody-secreting cells were found in PP after intragastric (i.g.) immunization. Antigen-specific memory cells persisted in NALT for at least 8 months after initial immunization. The cytokine expression profiles of antigen-stimulated NALT and PP cells of immunized mice, revealed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis of mRNA, were similar. Both NALT and PP cells tended to express type 2 earlier or for longer than type 1 cytokine mRNA, but NALT cells tended to express interleukin-4 (IL-4) earlier, and IL-5 for a longer period, than PP cells. Thus NALT shares with PP cell populations typical of a mucosal inductive site, including unswitched B cells and naive T-helper (Th) cells. After i.n. immunization, NALT has the capacity to provide help for B-cell maturation and differentiation, as well as to maintain immune memory.
鼻内免疫是诱导黏膜免疫反应的有效途径，尤其是在上呼吸道和口腔。为了鉴定参与这些反应的细胞，我们分离了正常小鼠以及经鼻内免疫霍乱毒素B亚基偶联细菌蛋白抗原的小鼠的鼻淋巴组织（NALT；被认为相当于人类的瓦尔代尔环），并根据表面表型、免疫球蛋白和抗体分泌以及细胞因子谱分析了淋巴细胞。与派尔集合淋巴结（PP）来源的细胞相比，NALT细胞中T细胞比例更高，尤其是初始（CD45RB + hi）辅助性T细胞，而表面（s）IgA +细胞较少。两种组织中sIgM + IgD +未转换B细胞的比例都很高。鼻内免疫后，分泌IgA抗体的细胞增多，表明NALT中发生了B细胞的同种型转换和向分泌IgA细胞的分化，而胃内免疫后PP中发现的抗体分泌细胞数量较少。初次免疫后，抗原特异性记忆细胞在NALT中持续存在至少8个月。通过mRNA的逆转录聚合酶链反应分析揭示，免疫小鼠的抗原刺激NALT和PP细胞的细胞因子表达谱相似。NALT和PP细胞都倾向于比1型细胞因子mRNA更早或更长时间表达2型细胞因子mRNA，但NALT细胞比PP细胞倾向于更早表达白细胞介素-4（IL-4），并在更长时间内表达IL-5。因此，NALT与PP一样具有黏膜诱导部位典型的细胞群体，包括未转换B细胞和初始辅助性T（Th）细胞。鼻内免疫后，NALT有能力为B细胞成熟和分化提供帮助，并维持免疫记忆。
