Lemay M A, Crago P E
Dept of Orthopaedic Surgery, Metro Health Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA.
J Biomech. 1996 Oct;29(10):1319-30. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(96)00026-7.
We developed a dynamic model of the upper extremity to simulate forearm and wrist movements. The model is based on the skeletal structure of the arm and is capable of elbow flexion/extension, forearm pronosupination, and wrist flexion/extension and radial/ulnar deviation movements. Movements are produced by activation of a Hill-type model of muscle, and limits on joint motion are imposed by passive moments modeled after experimental results. We investigated the muscle output force sensitivity, as well as wrist flexion/extension motion sensitivity to parameter variations. The tendon slack length and muscle fiber length were found to have the greatest influence on muscle output and flexion/extension wrist motion. The model captured the direction of the moment vectors at the wrist well, but predicted much higher moments than were measured by stimulating the paralyzed muscles of one tetraplegic subject.
我们开发了一个上肢动态模型来模拟前臂和腕部运动。该模型基于手臂的骨骼结构，能够进行肘部屈伸、前臂旋前/旋后以及腕部屈伸和桡偏/尺偏运动。运动通过激活肌肉的希尔型模型产生，关节运动的限制由根据实验结果建模的被动力矩施加。我们研究了肌肉输出力敏感性以及腕部屈伸运动对参数变化的敏感性。发现肌腱松弛长度和肌纤维长度对肌肉输出和腕部屈伸运动影响最大。该模型很好地捕捉到了腕部力矩矢量的方向，但预测的力矩比通过刺激一名四肢瘫痪受试者的瘫痪肌肉所测量到的力矩高得多。
